Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1995-02-28
1998-04-14
Teska, Kevin J.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
364424024, 342457, 342 42, 340991, G08G 100, B61L 316
Patent
active
057400466
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method for controlling vehicles in a line network, a device for such vehicle control and a method of installing said device in a line network. The invention hereby primarily relates to line networks of the tramway type, which are characterized by an extensive network with a large number of branchings and crossings and in most cases by traffic together with other, not track-bound road-users. In such cases the line network is synonymous with a track installation, which however does not exclude the invention from being applied to other lines along which vehicles are intended to move in a bound motion, with the aid of, as alternatives to tracks, rails, steering girders, control cables, etc. The device thereby comprises devices within the line network in the shape of central, fixed units as well as mobile units on board the respective vehicles.
STATE OF THE ART
Control devices and control systems in line networks may have many duties. The original and most important one is to prevent collisions between vehicles moving in the network. For this purpose it is known since a long time ago to divide the line into zones and to prevent, by central control, any mobile unit from entering into a zone unless said zone is free from any other units. This system may be suitable for less dense traffic, such as railways. The system is however not suitable for use within tramway networks, where the traffic has to be dense and where the zones would thus have to be diminished into too short lengths, leading to major investment and control cost.
The Swedish patent No 334 912 (C. Jauquet) discloses such a division of the line into zones. Furthermore, a calculation of the movement within the zone by means of message to a central unit from the mobile unit about it's speed is suggested, making a distance calculation based on speed.times.time possible. Hereby, the speed may be centrally controlled if a collision risk occurs. By being able in this way to determine, at least approximately, the position within the zone of each unit, several units may be allowed into the same zone on the condition that the central surveillance unit as well as the communication with said unit functions. By this method of calculating the unit positions, the position determinations obtained are however so uncertain, that either the zones must be made very small, so that the calculation via the mobile unit may be updated frequently, or the number of allowed units within the same zone must be strictly limited. It should be added, that as the demand on traffic density for tramways is high, one would have to resort to the first mentioned alternative of very small zones, making it practically impossible to build such a system at a reasonable cost and with a reasonable control capacity.
The UK patent 2 140 185 (Reinhard Burger) also describes a division into zones and, within each zone, determination of movement by means of a rotation meter on the wheels of each vehicle. The position determination within the zone is then made centrally by emitting clock pulses which are returned by the vehicle with a delay corresponding to the distance of travel within the zone, measured by the rotation meter.
In both cases it is presumed that the passage by each vehicle of a zone borderline is reported to the central unit, whereupon information about speed and distance travelled is repeatedly transferred to the central unit. The latter will then calculates the location within the zone, and may, on the base of a corresponding calculation for any other mobile unit that might possibly be within the zone, control the velocity so as to avoid a collision if two units are approaching each other.
These systems thus require a physical division of the line network into zones, with installations that, when passed by by a mobile unit, trigger the central unit calculation of the distance travelled by means of a repeated exchange of information between the central unit and the mobile units. This causes a very frequent communication and shoul
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ABB Daimler Benz Transportation Signal AB
Teska Kevin J.
Walker Tyrone V.
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