Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Lymphokine
Patent
1997-06-05
2000-01-11
Eyler, Yvonne
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Lymphokine
424 852, 514 2, A61K 4505, A01N 3718
Patent
active
060132523
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a proconceptive agent including a leukocyte chemotactic factor or a substance inducing the leukocyte chemotactic factor as an active principle which has the function of promoting growth of ova and ovarian follicles together with the function of promoting implantation of a fertilized ovum by promoting thickening of endometrium and softening of the interstitial tissue due to edematization. In particular, the present invention relates to a proconceptive medical treatment for mammals.
BACKGROUND ART
In general, the following conditions are considered as essential for establishment of pregnancy: and fertility in an ejaculated seminal fluid; discharging of an ovum in ovulation which has fertilizability and cleaving ability; and maintenance thereof.
In the present situation, however, at least one out of ten married couples is estimated as being unable to satisfy one or more above-described conditions, namely, is infertile. The cases can be broadly classified into 40% of the cases where the causes can be attributed to female factors; 25% of the cases where the causes can be attributed to male factors; 25% of the cases where the causes can be attributed to both female and male factors; and 10% of cases where the causes cannot be clarified.
In respect of such causes, incurable cases as described below are called "absolute infertility": No ova to be discharged are present; the uterus has been extirpated; the husband is azoospermia; or the like. Hitherto, although the case in which both oviducts had been extirpated was regarded as absolute infertility, pregnancy and birth even in such cases have become possible by means of in vitro fertilization (IVF) or embryo transfer (ET). According to development of such an in vitro fertilization or embryo transfer method, pregnancy in cases such as atretic oviduct or oligozoospermia, in which pregnancy had been impossible, has become possible. The ratio of pregnant cases by in vitro fertilization to the total number of in vitro fertilization operations is still as low as approximately 20 to 30%, and the ratio of the cases resulting in birth is only 5 to 10%. Concerning such low ratios, implantation failure in returning fertilized ova to the uterus is considered as a cause. In addition, implantation disability is pointed out as possibly occupying a high percentage of the causes for unaccountable infertility or so called functional infertility.
Although artificial insemination is also frequently performed in animals other than human beings, the conception rate and birth rate therein are not necessarily satisfactory. In particular, when such operations are performed for preservation and reproduction of rare animals, such low rates are problems since there exists a temporal limitation due to the high ages of the remaining animals or the like. Similar to cases of human beings, it is considered that such low rates may be attributed to a failure in sufficiently satisfying the above-described conditions in the steps for establishing pregnancy.
Through a series of developmental stages, an ovum is formed from an oocyte which has been derived from an oogonium. In mammals, an oogonium stops dividing just before or just after birth, and transforms into an oocyte which is a meiotic-type cell. In the latter stage of the prophase of the first meiosis, the oocyte comes into a stationary phase, and changes in its chromosomes do not progress (interphase of the first meiosis). At this time, the nucleic volume of the oocyte increases, and such an oocyte is called a "protoblast" (or "germinal vesicle"). The oocyte, then, restarts meiosis in response to gonadotropin secreted from the pituitary gland. In many mammals, the meiosis is restarted in an ovarian follicle before ovulation; the protoblast is then broken (germinal vesicle breakdown); a first polar body is released through the metaphase, the anaphase and telophase of the first meiosis; and the chromosomes stop changing in the metaphase of the second meiosis (interphase of the second meiosis). A
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Kanayama Naohiro
Kaneko Tatsuya
Naruto Masanobu
Terao Toshihiko
Eyler Yvonne
Toray Industries Inc.
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