Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Carbohydrate doai
Patent
1996-10-31
1997-11-25
Henley, III, Raymond
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Carbohydrate doai
514 47, A61K 3170
Patent
active
056913184
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/SE95/00474 filed Apr. 28, 1995.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to normalization of a pathologically hyperexcited sensory nerve function in a conscious human subject. In particular, the invention relates to reduction or elimination of hyperexcited sensory symptoms.
BACKGROUND
The sensory nervous system projects signals to the central nervous system, mediating information from the periphery to the brain (CNS). These comprise signals from sensors in peripheral tissues and other organs, sensitive for qualities like touch, reduced temperature, increased temperature, vibration, painful stimuli, pressure, vision, hearing, smell, taste and balance. This sensory nervous system is an important physiological control in the subject's relation to the environment. The sensory nervous system can be damaged by various types of trauma, such as infections and mechanical lesions. This can result in disturbance in the signal transmission into the CNS, leading to reduced perception of sensory signals (hypoestesia) as well as hyperfunction (more excited signals in the CNS) due to some largely unknown changes in the nerve transmission process (neuropathic damage). The neuropathic condition with hyperexcitation is described as a "wind-up" phenomenon and often involves several of the above mentioned sensory functions. This may therefore be associated with decreased thresholds for touch and temperature (hyperesthesia), discomfort in the perception for touch and temperature (dysesthesia), discomfort or pain with touch, pressure and/or temperature stimulation (allodynia), and hypersensitivity to pain stimuli (hyperalgesia), balance disturbance, disturbance of auditory type (tinnitus) as well as ganglionic dysfunction. These types of hyperreactive sensory nerves may develop after various types of trauma, and is called chronic when persistent for more than 3-6 months. Before the present invention, there was no known specific treatment that normalizes this sensory nerve hyperreactivity. There is therefore a demand for a new principle that normalizes patients thresholds for the perception of the sensory functions touch, temperature, pain, pressure, vibration and other types of disturbances of sensory functions.
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside present in all cell types of the body. It is endogenously formed and released into the extracellular space under physiological and pathophysiological conditions characterized by an increased oxygen demand/supply ratio. This means that the formation of adenosine is accelerated in conditions with increased high energy phosphate degradation. The biological actions of adenosine are mediated through specific adenosine receptors located on the cell surface of various cell types, including nerves (1).
Adenosine is one of several endogenous compounds that are considered to induce pain in tissues, and application of exogenous adenosine to tissues causes pain (2,3). In the central nervous system, adenosine may act differently. The latter conclusion is based on animal data where adenosine is administered into the cerebrospinal fluid (intrathecally, i.t.) of mice after chronic implantation of a catheter close to the spinal cord. After i.t. adenosine, there is a latency in the withdrawal reflex to hot plate provocation (4). The duration of this effect is short (minutes), and it is difficult to separate this effect on latency from an adenosine-induced influence on the motor nerve functions (control of movements of the animal). Stable analogues of adenosine exert more long-lasting effects on these reflex latencies in rodents (4-6), but this is often also associated with muscle paralytic effects in the extremities. Further, endogenous adenosine has been proposed to be involved in the action of morphine, since this compound releases adenosine in the spinal cord of rats (6, review).
Adenosine is administered to human subjects for different purposes, such as vasodilation and treatment of arrhythmia. Adenosine is then given by continuous intravenous inf
REFERENCES:
patent: 3993639 (1976-11-01), Mauvernay
patent: 5187162 (1993-02-01), Marangos et al.
patent: 5236908 (1993-08-01), Gruber et al.
Henley III Raymond
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