Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Boron or compound thereof – Binary compound
Patent
1982-03-18
1984-11-20
Doll, John
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Boron or compound thereof
Binary compound
423446, 2041571S, C01B 21064
Patent
active
044838360
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE ART
The present invention relates to the art of producing superhard materials and more particularly to methods of producing diamond and/or diamond-like modifications of boron nitride.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Compression of substances by shock waves leads to the origination of high dynamic pressures and high temperatures and produces substances (target products) in the form of high-pressure phases featuring high hardness. Thus, shock compression of graphite to pressures exceeding 20 GPa produces a diamond (Science, vol. 133, No. 3467, published in June, 1961. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington), P. S. De Carlie, J. C. Jamieson "Formation of Diamond by Explosive Shock", pp. 1821-1822).
Impact compression of boron nitride to pressures exceeding 12 GPa produces a dense modification of this compound (Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, vol. 172, No. 5, published in February, 1967, "Nauka" Publishers, Moscow: C. A. Adadurov, Z. G. Aliev, L. O. Atovmyan, T. V. Bavina, Yu. G. Borodko, O. N. Breusov, A. N. Dremin, A. Kh. Muranevich, S. V. Pershin, "Formation of Wurtzite-like Modification of Boron Nitride through Impact Compression", pp. 1066-1068).
Methods are known in the art of producing superhard materials--diamond and/or diamond-like modifications of boron nitride, according to which materials to be transformed--graphite and/or hexagonal boron nitride are placed into sturdy metallic containers, so-called conservation ampoules, of flat or cylindrical type, in the walls of which shock waves are generated by detonating explosive charges found in contact with the walls of the ampoule, or by impacting the walls of such ampoules with bodies accelerated by detonation products to considerable speeds. Shock waves from the walls of the ampoules enter into the material being transformed and compress it until the required pressures and temperatures originate in it. For increasing the yield of the target product, other substances are usually added to the material being transformed, e.g. metals which upon impact compression are heated to a smaller extent than the resulting high-pressure phase (the target product). As a result, these additives reduce the temperature of the high-pressure phase and preclude annealing of said phase and its conversion to the initial state (U.S. Pat. No. 3,401,019, published on Sept. 10, 1068, Class 23-209.; UK Pat. No. 1,281,002, Class COIB 31/06, published on July 12, 1972).
Also known is a method of producing superhard materials, according to which shock waves in the mixture of the material to be transformed and cooling additions are generated by the detonation of a charge found in contact with the surface of the mixture, or by an impact on such surface by a body accelerated by the products of explosion. In this case the mixture of the initial phase with the cooling addition resides in the cavity of a solid and sturdy metallic support, preventing the substance being treated from scattering (UK Pat. No. 1,115,648, published on May 29, 1968, Class COIB 31/06).
All the known methods for creating high dynamic pressures and temperatures use impact compression to transform the materials, which are placed in solid metallic specially manufactured containers (ampoules), which are not reusable and are either demolished when opened or destroyed upon the explosion, as in the last-cited method. All the above-cited methods require labor-consuming operations for the manufacture and opening of the ampoules, as well as the consumption of large amounts of structural materials and explosives.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a method of producing diamond and/or diamond-like modifications of boron nitride from a material to be transformed--carbon and/or boron nitride through the use of explosive power, and conditions for the process which allow for the production of these superhard materials without the use of expendable conservation containers, and with less costly and simpler of the synthesis process equipment and instrumentation.
Said
REFERENCES:
patent: 3238019 (1966-03-01), De Carli
patent: 3401019 (1968-09-01), Cowan et al.
Adadurov Gennady A.
Ananiin Alexandr V.
Apollonov Vladimir N.
Bavina Tamara V.
Breusov Oleg N.
Capella Steven
Doll John
Institut Khimicheskoi Fiziki Akademii Nauk SSSR
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