Method of plastic forming of materials

Details Method of plastic forming of materials Method of plastic forming of materials

1996-01-03

1998-04-14

Larson, Lowell A.

Metal deforming

Process

723662, 72256, B21D 3100, B21C 2300

Patent

active

057379599

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a method of plastic forming of solid materials, in particular metallic and powdered materials or materials containing a powdered fraction. The method, according to the invention, can find application especially during rolling, forging and extrusion, although it is applicable in other types of plastic working.
2. Description of Related Art
The widely known method of rolling metal products in the form of ingots, sheets and strips consists in letting them pass between rolls situated in parallel and rotating around their axes. This method is realized by means of rolling mills of various types, in which the reduction of the thickness of the rolled product depends on the spacing between the working rolls. The disadvantage of this method is great energy consumption since obtaining large deformations involves the application of considerable force. This is especially important when thin metal foils are being rolled, considering that the thinner the rolled material the higher is the energy loss in the rolling process.
The widely known stamping methods are the open die forging and die forging which consist in exerting a pressure on the material by the shaping tools advancing in a plane motion to obtain a product of the desired shape. Forging by these methods does not necessarily guarantee that the desired large deformations of the product will be obtained, especially when hardly deformable materials are subjected to plastic working, and, moreover, it requires the use of considerable force. From the Polish patent application No P - 295 135, a method of reducing the forging force is known in which, in the course of forging, the working tools or their active parts are turned or shifted with respect to the material or the material is turned or shifted with respect to the shaping tools or their active parts in a direction perpendicular, or having a component perpendicular to the direction of forging. However, in this method, there takes place a slip when the working tool comes into contact with the material.
Widely known is the direct method of extrusion of metallic products, which consists in plane pushing out of the extruded material through an immovable matrix in order to reduce its cross-section. Another known method is the backward extrusion in which the extruded material is not moved and the extrusion process is performed through plane motion of the matrix towards the material. Both these methods involve considerable energy consumption.
Another method of material extrusion is known from the Polish patent application No P - 295 057, in which during extrusion the material is turned or shifted with respect to the matrix or the matrix or its parts are turned or shifted with respect to the material. The direction of the motion lies advantageously in a plane perpendicular to the direction of extrusion. In this method there takes place a slip, where the matrix comes into contact with the extruded product.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to provide the intrusion into the structure of the material deformed during plastic working, thus changing the course of its plastic flow by inducing in the material additional reversible plastic strain in the form of shear bands localized in the zone or zones of the most intense deformation of the material, resulting from the method of plastic working. The mentioned additional plastic strain is not necessary from the point of view of the geometry of the worked product. The intrusion into the structure of the material undergoing deformation offers the advantage of introducing additional motion of at least one tool in a direction other than that of the working motion, the structure of the tool necessitating the transfer of the mentioned additional motion of the tool to the inside of the worked material. This transfer is due to intimate contact of the material with the tool in an advantageous way by introducing developed contact areas between the tool and the material.
In the method, proposed in the inv

REFERENCES:
patent: 3839890 (1974-10-01), Phlippoteau
patent: 3879974 (1975-04-01), Biddell et al.
patent: 4300378 (1981-11-01), Thiruvarudchelvan
patent: 4627260 (1986-12-01), Benz

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