Data processing: measuring – calibrating – or testing – Measurement system – Statistical measurement
Reexamination Certificate
2000-06-21
2002-10-22
Hilten, John S. (Department: 2863)
Data processing: measuring, calibrating, or testing
Measurement system
Statistical measurement
C702S180000, C702S181000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06470297
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates, in general, to data processing with respect to measuring, calibrating, or testing, and, in particular, to waveform analysis.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The study of the effects of a transmission channel on a message transmitted there through and the methods developed to minimize such effects came to be known as the field of information theory. Claude E. Shannon, in a paper entitled “A Mathematical Theory of Communication,” published in 1948 in
Bell System Technical Journal,
vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 379-423,623-656, introduced the concept of entropy in information theory. A message, prior to transmission, may be described as comprising n message elements x
i
, where i is an integer from 1 to n. The measure of the amount of information contained in the i
th
message element x
i
is defined as follows;
I
(
x
i
)=log1/
p
(
x
i
)=−log
p
(
x
i
),
where p(x
i
) is the probability of occurrence of the i
th
message element x
i
. The expected value of I(x
i
) is defined as follows.
H
(
X
)
=
∑
i
=
1
n
p
(
x
i
)
I
(
x
i
)
=
-
∑
i
=
1
n
p
(
x
i
)
log
p
(
x
i
)
H(X) is called the entropy distribution of p(x
i
) at the transmission source. If p(x
i
) is interpreted as the probability of the i
th
state of a system in phase space then H(X) is identical to the entropy of statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. In statistical mechanics, entropy is a measure of system disorder. In information theory, entropy is a measure of the uncertainty associated with a message source. The entropy at the destination of the transmission may be defined analogously as follows.
H
(
Y
)
=
∑
i
=
1
n
p
(
y
i
)
I
(
y
i
)
=
-
∑
i
=
1
n
p
(
y
i
)
log
p
(
y
i
)
With the proliferation of communication channels on a global scale, information theory has grown to include research to not only preserve the integrity of a message transmitted over a communication network but also to preserve the integrity of the communication network itself.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,278,901, entitled “PATTERN-ORIENTED INTRUSION-DETECTION SYSTEM AND METHOD”; U.S. Pat. No. 5,557,742, entitled “METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING INTRUSION INTO AND MISUSE OF A DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM”; U.S. Pat. No. 5,621,889, entitled “FACILITY FOR DETECTING INTRUDERS AND SUSPECT CALLERS IN A COMPUTER INSTALLATION AND A SECURITY SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH A FACILITY”; U.S. Pat. No. 5,796,942, entitled “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATED NETWORK-WIDE SURVEILLANCE AND SECURITY BREACH INTERVENTION”; U.S. Pat. No. 5,931,946, entitled “NETWORK SYSTEM HAVING EXTERNAL/INTERNAL AUDIT SYSTEM FOR COMPUTER SECURITY”; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,991,881, entitled “NETWORK SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM,” each disclose a device and/or method of preserving the integrity of a communication network through the detection of intrusion and/or misuse of the communication network. However, none of these patents disclose a method of multi-dimensionally accentuating a deviation in a transmitted message and identifying the cause thereof as does the present invention. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,278,901; 5,557,742; 5,621,889; 5,796,942; 5,931,946; and 5,991,881 are hereby incorporated by reference into the specification of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to multi-dimensionally accentuate any deviation in information and identify the cause thereof.
It is another object of the present invention to multi-dimensionally accentuate any deviation in information and identify the cause thereof by reducing to a manageable level the amount of information presented to a user.
It is another object of the present invention to multi-dimensionally accentuate any deviation in information and identify the cause thereof by reducing to a manageable level the amount of information presented to a user and describing the information with an entropy-based function, a temperature-based function, an energy-based function, or any combination of functions thereof.
The present invention is a method of multi-dimensionally accentuating any deviation in information and identifying the cause thereof by reducing to a manageable level the amount of information presented to a user and describing the information with an entropy-based function, a temperature-based function, an energy-based function, or any combination of functions thereof.
The first step of the method is receiving a set of information.
The second step of the method is selecting a subset of information from the set of information.
The third step of the method is defining initial states of interest.
The fourth step of the method is defining transition states of interest.
The fifth step of the method is initializing a vector and recording the same.
The sixth step of the method is selecting the first information segment.
The seventh step of the method is modifying the vector if the information segment contains an initial and transition state, otherwise stopping.
The eighth step of the method is selecting the next available information segment and returning to the seventh step for further processing, otherwise proceeding to the next step.
The ninth step of the method is recording a number of occurrences of each unique vector.
The tenth step of the method is determining the number of the least occurring vector.
The eleventh step of the method is dividing each occurrence number by the least occurring number.
The twelfth step of the method is determining an occupation time for each vector.
The thirteenth step of the method is calculating an inverse characteristic time for each unique vector.
The fourteenth step of the method is calculating at least one subset value for the subset of information using a temperature-based function, an entropy-based function, an energy-based function, or any combination thereof,
The fifteenth step of the method is setting a value v
i
for each initial and transition state.
The sixteenth step of the method is calculating a configuration value for each initial and transition state.
The seventeenth step of the method is selecting the subset of information then is available and next in sequence and returning to the vector modification step for further processing, otherwise proceeding to the next step.
The eighteenth step of the method is plotting the subset and configuration values.
The nineteenth step of the method is finding differences, if any, in the plotted values,
The twentieth, and last, step of the method is finding the information segments that correspond to the differences, if any.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5278901 (1994-01-01), Shieh et al.
patent: 5557742 (1996-09-01), Smaha et al.
patent: 5621889 (1997-04-01), Lermuzeaux et al.
patent: 5796942 (1998-08-01), Esbensen
patent: 5931946 (1999-08-01), Terada et al.
patent: 5991881 (1999-11-01), Conklin et al.
Claude Shannon, “A Mathematical Theory of Communication”, 1948, Bell System Technical Journal, vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 379-423, 623-656.
Cherry Stephen J.
Hilten John S.
Morelli Robert D.
The United States of America as represented by the Director of t
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