Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Treatment of hides – skins – feathers and animal tissues – Fur
Patent
1981-08-20
1983-08-02
Tungol, Maria Parrish
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Treatment of hides, skins, feathers and animal tissues
Fur
8128R, 8108A, D06M 308, D06M 306
Patent
active
043963889
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
TECHNICAL FIELD
The term "animal fiber" used in this invention means those fibers which have a fine structure having scales and are collected from land mammalia such as sheep, goat, Llama, Alpaca and other animals analogous to them, and the term "fur" means those which are covered with the fiber having the abovementioned scale structure.
Unlike the conventional method of treating wool, the present invention is essentially directed to modify and upgrade the quality of the animal fiber goods by decomposing and stripping off only the scales of the animal fibers without damaging the internal cortical cells.
The surface of the animal fibers to be treated in the present invention has a fine structure covered with the scales which are flat, laminated with one another like roofing tiles and which have an extremely high water repelling property. However, the interior of the scales covered as a whole with the water-repelling films consists of proteins called "Endo Cuticle" having a composition composed of a large number of polar groups such as carboxyl groups, amino groups and the like and which easily absorb water. These portions open to the inter-scale gaps and serve as the permeation canals of the water as depicted in FIGS. 1 and 3. The water first permeates into the Endo Cuticle and swells it so that edges rise until at last the water perfectly permeates into the Cortex inside the wool.
BACKGROUND ART
In the conventional method of imparting crease resistance to a wool fiber by use of a chlorinating agent or an oxidizing agent, even if an attempt is made to restrict the action of the agent to the scale surface, the action reaches the cortex so long as the method is practised in an aqueous solution so that the oxidation permeates unlimitedly into the interior of the fiber and renders the interior of the fiber brittle and damaged. If the action is insufficient, the result also becomes inevitably insufficient. Even if the reaction is terminated at an intermediate stage or an organic oxidizing agent exhibiting its action is employed relatively slowly, it is not possible to restrict the degree of oxidation, and decomposed products during the oxidation again deposit onto the fiber surface and reduce the color fastness properties of the fiber. Thus, the conventional method is not free from various mechanical problems.
In the method which allows the animal fiber to first contain acids, so long as the method is carried out in an aqueous solution, the acids unlimitedly permeate into the interior of the fiber through the permeation canals of the moisture so that it becomes practically impossible to limit the oxidation to the surface of the animal fibers.
The method of the present invention accomplishes the modification of the animal fiber goods by the steps of first allowing limited portions of the scales on the surface of the animal fibers to adsorb a pro oxidizing-catalyst that promotes the oxidation decomposition by the chlorinating agent or oxidizing agent, then dipping the goods in the solution of the chlorinating agent or oxidizing agent, performing the oxidation while restricting the oxidation only to the surface portions of the animal fiber thereby to strip off only the scale portions upon which the oxidation acts, thus carrying out the treatment under such conditions that do not at all damage the cortex inside the fiber.
Though the surface of the wool fiber has an extremely high water repelling property, the water is likely to be adsorbed onto the endo cuticle at the edge portions. This fact is illustrated by the following literature: published on June 30, 1976, "Crimp, Wool and Tecnhiques", No. 33, p. 3-9, edited by Ryoji Nakamura, "Structure of epidermis cuticle layer of wool".
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The essential point of the condition for practising each step of the present invention will be described stepwise in detail.
(1) Acid ions, that is, hydrogen ions, are first dissolved in the inherent moisture retained ordinarily in the endo cuticle portions of the scales of the animal fibers in
REFERENCES:
patent: 3062610 (1962-11-01), Russon
patent: 3076690 (1963-02-01), Hayashi
patent: 4319879 (1982-03-01), Hojo et al.
Hojo Hiroshi
Noguchi Sadao
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