Furnaces – Process – Incinerating refuse
Patent
1991-11-25
1992-12-08
Favors, Edward G.
Furnaces
Process
Incinerating refuse
110186, 110245, F23G 500
Patent
active
051692686
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method of measuring a supply rate of waste charged in a fluidized-bed incinerator.
BACKGROUND ART
As shown in FIG. 6, in a fluidized-bed incinerator 5, fluidized sand of a fluidized bed 11 constituted by the fluidized sand circularly supplied to the lower portion of the incinerator is preheated to a temperature of about 600.degree. C., and fluidizing air 16 allows the sand to flow. In this state, combustion materials supplied from a charge chute 2 are combusted for a short time. An unburnt gas on the fluidized bed 11 is combusted by secondary air 15 supplied to a free board portion 13, and a combustion exhaust gas 14 is exhausted from a top portion of the incinerator 5.
Uncombustibles contained in the combustion materials are exhausted from the bottom portion of the incinerator 5 together with the fluidized sand. The fluidized sand is separated from the uncombustibles and recycled in the incinerator.
Even in an incinerator for performing combustion processing of waste, a combustion system of the incinerator must be appropriately controlled. Especially, since a charge rate of waste charged in the incinerator is a factor to be managed as a load of a combustion control operation, a means for appropriately measuring the supply rate of waste is required.
In a conventional means for measuring an amount of waste, as is disclosed in Published Unexamined Japanese patent application No. 53-148165, an oxygen concentration in an exhaust gas is detected, and a charge rate of waste is indirectly estimated. Thus, a supply rate of waste is controlled on the basis of charge rate data obtained by the estimation.
As another means, incineration waste is directly measured using a meter, and a combustion control operation is performed on the basis of the measurement data.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION
The measurement using an exhaust gas analyzing meter for analyzing an oxygen concentration is delayed from an actual change in gas concentration of the exhaust gas by several tens of seconds. Therefore, in a fluidized-bed incinerator in which a combustion reaction is instantaneously performed, a control operation of a supply rate of waste is not effective for stabilizing the combustion control operation.
In a method of directly measuring a supply rate of incineration waste, the durability of a meter against decomposed matter or sludge included in the incineration waste causes a problem, and the meter cannot accurately measure the amount of incineration waste when the decomposed matter or sludge is attached to the meter.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of measuring a supply rate of incineration waste so as to solve the above problem.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
According to the present invention, in a fluidized-bed incinerator, a method of measuring a supply rate of incineration waste is characterized by detecting a passing state of the waste by a photoelectric element arranged on a chute for supplying incineration waste from a dust feeder to the incinerator and measuring a supply rate of waste (w) from a detection signal in accordance with the following equation: ##EQU2## where w: supply rate of waste per unit time
Function
The supply rate of waste can be detected by the photoelectric element arranged on the shoot for charging incineration waste in the incinerator. In addition, since the photoelectric element is not easily corroded and damaged, stable measurement can be performed for a long period.
Since the supply rate of waste can be sequentially measured without a time lag, a stable combustion control operation can be performed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an arrangement of an apparatus for embodying a method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a set state of a photoelectric element;
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a detection signal from the photoelectric element;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a distribution of a supply rate of waste, which was recorded when value t/T
Kawakami Masaaki
Noto Takashi
Suzuki Yasuo
Tsuboi Haruhito
Yamagishi Mikihi
Favors Edward G.
NKK Corporation
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