Measuring and testing – Vibration – Resonance – frequency – or amplitude study
Patent
1982-11-09
1984-11-27
Ciarlante, Anthony V.
Measuring and testing
Vibration
Resonance, frequency, or amplitude study
73778, G01N 2900
Patent
active
044844751
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a method of measuring the contact stress at contacting surfaces of abutting solid masses of either a same kind or different kinds by utilizing an ultrasonic wave.
The term "contacting surfaces of abutting solid masses" herein used means the contacting surfaces between parts or members constituting an apparatus such as a machine or an architectural structure, used in various industrial fields. This term includes not only the contacting surfaces of abutting solid masses which are stationary, but also those contacting surfaces of abutting solid masses which are in the state of undergoing a relative displacement such as by sliding. Also, the word "solid mass" herein referred to points to a mass of a metal as well as a mass of a non-metal such as glass, ceramic, concrete, synthetic resin, rubber and wood, through which ultrasonic waves can be transmitted.
The types of contact stresses at the contacting surfaces of abutting solid masses referred to above which are the objectives of the technique of the present invention include: the contact stress at the fitting surfaces produced from interference fit due, for example, to shrink fitting, expansion fitting or press-fitting; the contact stress at the die-fastened surfaces on a press; the contact stress at bolt-fastened surfaces; the contact stress at the meshing surfaces of toothed wheels; the contact stress at screwed surfaces; the contact stress between a spline or key and a part or member contacting it; the contact stress between a bearing and a shaft; the contact stress between a valve and a valve seat; the contact stress between a cylinder bore and a piston ring; and other contact stresses at the contacting surfaces between parts or members constituting various apparatuses. The present invention relates to the method of measuring these contact stresses.
BACKGROUND ART
Among the various techniques to which the present invention can be applied, the interference fitting technique which is applicable to shrink fitting, expansion fitting and press-fitting, and which represents a typical method of combining together solid masses of mainly cylindrical configurations, is widely utilized as a means of mechanically combining two parts together. In utilizing this technique, the acquisition of the knowledge of the contact stress at the contacting surfaces of two abutting parts to serve as a measure for determining the degree of interference fit is a matter indispensable for knowing the functioning as well as the mechanical strength of a machine, or for knowing the degree of the true interference fit of combined portions of parts. Heretofore, however, there has not been established a method of directly and quantitatively measuring the contact stress at the contacting surfaces of combined parts.
For the reasons stated above, various means of measuring contact stresses are being studied. However, generally, there have been known only the method of indirectly measuring a contact stress by making use of photoelasticity, and also the method of directly measuring the contact stress by utilizing a pressure-sensitive sheet.
The method which utilizes photoelasticity is such that a model of contacting surfaces is prepared in advance with a synthetic resin which differs in material from the object whose contact stress is to be measured actually, and evaluation is made based on the fringe patterns formed photoelastically at the contacting portions of the model. Thus, a uniformity of nature or property between the object for measurement and the model is required. However, actual no uniformity cannot be obtained owing to the difference in the material, dimension and configuration between the object and the model. Accordingly, not only does there result a delicate discrepancy in the result of the measurement, but also the measurement is affected by the degree of machining precision of the contacting surfaces of the model, causing changes in the optical property of the contacting surfaces to arise, leading to a difficult
REFERENCES:
patent: 3531982 (1970-10-01), Clotfelter et al.
Miyajima Takeshi
Ogura Yukio
Ciarlante Anthony V.
Hitachi Construction Machinery Co. Ltd.
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