Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Electrolytic
Patent
1996-11-26
1998-06-09
Bell, Bruce F.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Electrolytic
436 50, 436 52, 436 63, 204403, 4352871, 422 681, 422 8202, G01N 2726
Patent
active
057627690
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/JP96/00834, filed Mar. 28, 1996.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention generally relates to a method of measuring the concentration of a nonelectrolyte in a solution in which one or more electrolytes and one or more nonelectrolytes coexist. Further, the present invention relates to a preparation method and a preparation apparatus capable of preparing a mixed solution containing one or more nonelectrolytes of a given concentration by measuring the concentration of said nonelectrolytes in an electrolyte solution. The present invention is used particularly in the food industry and the pharmaceutical industry and, in particular, effectively used for the measurement of the concentration of a dialysing solution (dialysate) and the preparation thereof in the medical care field.
BACKGROUND ART
Conventionally, an electrolyte such as salt or sodium carbonate and a nonelectrolyte such as sugar or alcohol are often added to and mixed with a polar solvent such as water or the like in the food industry and the pharmaceutical industry. Further, in the medical care field, a water solution in which sodium chloride as an electrolyte, glucose as a nonelectrolyte and other small amounts of components are dissolved is utilized as a dialysate used for a dialysing treatment.
When these products are manufactured, since it is difficult to directly measure the concentration of nonelectrolytes in the solution, the electrolytes and the nonelectrolytes in the solution have conventionally been set to given concentrations, respectively by adding predetermined amounts of electrolytes and nonelectrolytes to a predetermined amount of water or a polar solvent which is calculated to have a given concentration.
However, in this method, because the electrolytes and the like absorb water and change weight while they are stored and further weighing errors are caused by the vibration of a balance and the like, even if the predetermined amounts of electrolytes and nonelectrolytes are weighed, the concentration of a resulting solution is not accurately made to a given concentration. In addition, each time a necessary amount of the solution is changed, necessary amounts of electrolytes, nonelectrolytes, water and the like must be recalculated.
Further, for example, as to the dialysate, medicines used in the preparation of the dialysis solution have conventionally been divided into a so-called agent A mainly composed of sodium chloride and a so-called agent B composed of sodium hydrogencarbonate and they have been supplied to medical sites as undiluted solutions of given concentrations in a liquid state. Therefore, in the medical sites, the dilution ratios for the thus supplied undiluted solutions of agent A and agent B were calculated based on the respective concentrations and the dialysate was prepared by stirring and mixing predetermined amounts of the respective undiluted solutions with a predetermined amount of diluting water in a preparation tank.
Recently, however, there is a proposal in which the agent A and agent B used in the preparation of the dialysate are supplied in a powder state to medical institutions, and the dialysate having a given concentration is prepared at the medical sites by dissolving these powdered medicines in water, respectively, to make a liquid agent A and a liquid agent B each having a given concentration and thereafter mixing these liquid agents A and B.
Various methods are available to measure the concentration of electrolytes such as sodium hydrogen-carbonate used as agent B, and in particular, an electric conductivity meter is widely used because it has many advantages such as a simple construction, easy handling and high reliability resulting from a lower number of factors by which a measured value is influenced.
Therefore, in the preparation of the dialysate, the concentration of a water solution containing the agent B composed of sodium hydrogencarbonate can be simply measured using the electric conductivity meter or the like. On the other hand, the agent A mainly composed
Gotsu Toshio
Nakama Toshiyuki
Shibata Takeru
Suzuki Hiroyuki
Tsuzuso Yoshihiro
Bell Bruce F.
SciTec Kabushiki Kaisha
Toa Electronics Ltd.
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