Method of making tubular pressure vessel having an end closure

Details Method of making tubular pressure vessel having an end closure Method of making tubular pressure vessel having an end closure

1998-09-18

2000-12-26

Crispino, Richard

Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture

Methods

Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor

156173, B65H 8100

Patent

active

061653039

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to pressure vessels having at least one open end and to end closures therefor. More specifically, it relates to cylindrical pressure vessels designed for pressure driven filtration operations, particularly to vessels which provide full-bore access to accept elongated, cylindrical filtration media cartridges. Even more particularly, it relates to improved end closure arrangements for such pressure vessels. It also relates to methods for making such pressure vessels of this general type and particularly to those designed for pressure driven filtration operations, especially filtration using filter cartridges, and more particularly to making vessels suited for sidewall porting to provide fluid flow couplings through the cylindrical sidewall of the pressure vessel.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Cylindrical pressure vessels are used for a variety of industrial applications, and a family of relatively lightweight, strong, reinforced plastic composite pressure vessels has grown up as a result of advancements in synthetic fibers and polymeric resins, for example, using continuous strands of glass or carbon fibers or filaments to reinforce curable polymeric resin compositions, such as polyester resins, vinylester resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins and the like. Although there are many industrial uses for such pressure vessels, one major field of use is the field of filtration, both direct or dead end filtration and cross flow filtration; and for purposes of this application, filtration is used to broadly include separation treatments where semipermeable membranes are employed. "Filter cartridge" is used to broadly include filter bags, cartridge filters and semipermeable membrane cartridges or elements. "Cartridge filtration" is used to include such filtration operations using such filter cartridges.
Generally, "cross flow" filtration is contrasted with what is sometimes termed direct or "dead end" filtration. In cross flow filtration, only a portion of the feed liquid passes through the filter medium with the remainder of the feed liquid flowing across a membrane or other filter medium surface and exiting the other end of the filter cartridge; in such arrangement there are two exit ports from the pressure vessel, i.e. separate ports through which the cross flow concentrate and the filtrate or permeate exit. In direct or "dead end" filtration, the entire flow of the feed liquid passes through the filter media, and there is usually only a single exit stream.
Examples of cross flow filtration processes commonly employed in the last several decades include, but are not limited to, hyperfiltration (reverse osmosis), nanofiltration and ultrafiltration, all of which employ semipermeable membrane materials and are commonly referred to as membrane separation processes. In such operations, cylindrical cartridges have been conventionally employed which are received in a tubular surrounding pressure vessel having appropriate inlet and outlet ports. One or more end closures for such a pressure vessel are designed to have what is termed full-bore access; this allows a cylindrical cartridge or a bag having a defined exterior diameter just less than that of the interior bore of the pressure vessel to be slidably inserted through one open end thereof. In some instances, such cylindrical cartridges comprise a plurality of envelopes made of sheets of semipermeable membrane material which are spirally wound about a central porous core to provide a relatively large amount of membrane surface area within a given volume.
Many prior art pressure vessels used in cartridge filtration operations, especially cross flow filtration, have employed tubular housings made of glass fiber-reinforced polymeric resin composites provided with plug-type end closures, which are retained in sealing relationship at the end of the housing by a conventional O-ring seal and by appropriate retaining rings. Retaining rings which have been used include conventional spiral and snap rings, as well as segmental rings that comprise a pl

REFERENCES:
patent: 3661670 (1972-05-01), Pierpont, Jr.
patent: 3767054 (1973-10-01), Farrow et al.
patent: 4358377 (1982-11-01), Clark
patent: 4781830 (1988-11-01), Olsen
patent: 4839037 (1989-06-01), Bertelsen et al.

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