Metal deforming – By use of 'flying tool' engaging moving work – Included in plural deforming stations or passes
Patent
1990-06-20
1991-06-04
Larson, Lowell A.
Metal deforming
By use of 'flying tool' engaging moving work
Included in plural deforming stations or passes
10 52, B21G 312
Patent
active
050203533
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a method of machining an oblong workpiece, which is placed substantially radially in a ring-shaped tool and is deformed by cooperation with a roller rotating in a holding ring.
The Danish Patent Specificaiton 143,935 discloses a machine for machinging oblong workpieces and comprising a rotating holding ring for substantially radial retention of the workpieces, and comprising a rotating roller which is mounted within the tool and is adapted to machine the radially inwardly directed end of the workpieces. This known machine has been a great success for producing nail heads on nail workpieces. Therefore, it has been attempted to produce as many variants of nails as possible by means of this known internal rolling principle. However, it has been found that problems arise when a relatively large amount of material per workpiece is to be machined, i.e. deformed. Examples of such workpieces may be roofing nails or screws.
An object of the invention is to provide a method of the present type which makes it possible to machine a larger amount of material per workpiece than the prior art.
This object is achieved by performing the method in which the roller is driven relative to the position of the workpieces in the holding ring so that each workpiece is caused to cooperate with a plurality of differently shaped areas of the surface of the roller. A first treatment may comprise moving the workpiece material, and one or more subsequent treatments may comprise the final shaping. When the method is performed so that the workpieces are subjected to a preliminary deformation in the form of upsetting of material in that the machining areas on the roller corresponding thereto are provided as mold cavities which extend radially inward toward the center of the roller an upsetting will result, so that the end of the workpiece to be treated will have a modified diameter to length ratio. When the method is performed so that the workpieces are subjected to a preliminary deformation in the form of shearing, of material transverse to the longitudinal direction of the workpiece can be obtained.
When the possibilities provided by the method as defined by combining the above three methods, there will be so much freedom in shaping the workpieces that the access angle between the holding ring and the roller is considerably less critical than is the case in the prior art. The method can moreover be performed no matter whether the peripheraI speeds of the holding ring and of the roller are the same. To reduce wear it is preferred to perform the method.
The method of the invention has special relation to the mentioned machining by rotating movement. Thus, it is known to forge a head on a nail in two working operations to avoid problems because of the limited flow rate of the material. However, the flow rate is no problem, either in the known machine or in the present method where the machining rate of the material is already relatively low because of the rolling movement.
The various machining areas are preferably distributed on or in the surface of the roller. When the method is performed so that the workpieces in the holding ring are distributed with the same mutual distance and in a number which is not divisible by the number of machining areas on the roller, the workpieces can be introduced into the holding ring in a very simple manner. In many uses, there will be just two different machining areas on the roller, which entails that the holding must be adapted to receive an odd number of workpieces.
When very accurate machining of material is to be effected over a relatively large radial extent, the shaping areas of the roller may have difficulty in releasing the workpiece. This problem may be avoided by performing the method in which following one or more of the machining processes, the workpieces are subjected to final shaping by means of machining areas rotatably journalled in the roller and that a machining area performs a substantially radial movement with respect to the holding ring from engagement with the
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patent: 1647830 (1927-11-01), Humphris
patent: 2872887 (1959-02-01), Praturlon
patent: 2917756 (1959-12-01), Stearns et al.
patent: 4052873 (1977-10-01), Murzin et al.
patent: 4309885 (1982-01-01), Nielsen et al.
Enkotec A/S
Larson Lowell A.
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