Metal working – Method of mechanical manufacture – Assembling or joining
Reexamination Certificate
2000-08-23
2004-03-30
Edmondson, L. (Department: 1725)
Metal working
Method of mechanical manufacture
Assembling or joining
C029S425000, C029S521000, C029S450000, C228S173100, C228S173200, C228S174000, C228S173300, C072S083000, C072S177000, C072S180000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06711803
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method of joining steel members, a method of processing the joined surface of a steel member and a reinforcing member. For example, the steel members are overlapped and clamped by a connecting member such as a bolt, a rivet, etc., so that they can be firmly joined with the joined surfaces.
BACKGROUND
In construction fields of a steel-frame structure such as a structure, a bridge, etc., to join large steel plates or steel frames or the like, the technique in which one side of them are mutually directly overlapped or a strap is put on it and clamping by a bolt or a rivet has been adopted.
As the above, if the coefficient of friction on the joined surfaces between the materials of the structure such as steel plates or steel frames, or and a material that will be used to join them (hereinafter, these materials are referred to as steel members) is small, when the steel members are clamped in temporary tightening or permanent tightening by a bolt or a rivet, there is a fear that the faces of the steel members are mutually shifted in the directions to shear the bolt because the dead load of the steel members are loaded on the joint of the steel members; thus the steel-frame structure cannot be constructed according to the specification of design.
As to this point, in conventional cases, a method in which the steel members are previously left outside before assembling the steel-frame structure to make the joined surfaces of the steel members get rusty so that the coefficient of friction between the joined surfaces makes large has been adopted. If adopting this method, however, there is a problem that the assembly work of the steel-frame structure is further complicated.
On the other hand, as methods to solve this problem, working tools to increase frictional force on a joined surface have been provided by the Japanese Patent Application numbers Hei6-171536 and Hei7-179291.
Furthermore, in the steel-frame structure such as a structure or a bridge, for example, as shown in
FIG. 1
of a steel-frame structure
1
, plural vertical steel members
3
are provided at prescribed intervals between a pair of cross beam steel members
2
A and
2
B that are mutually in parallel as connecting them, and the both ends of the vertical steel member
3
are fixed to the cross beam steel members
2
A and
2
B. And plural frame structure parts
4
are sequentially formed in array in the direction extending the cross beam steel members
2
A and
2
B. Strut reinforcing members
5
are fixed to between the corners mutually opposite of each frame structure part
4
. The strut reinforcing member
5
which functions as reinforcing means to the deforming of each frame structure part
4
has been used.
The strut reinforcing member
5
is composed of brace members
6
of which the both ends are fixed to the opposite corners of the frame structure part
4
, and a tension member
7
connected to between the brace members
6
that are mutually obliquely opposite. The tension members
7
pull the four corners of the frame structure part
4
inward. Therefore, for example, if an earthquake occurs and the cross beam steel members
2
A and
2
B and the vertical steel members
3
of the frame structure part
4
is about to oscillate in mutually shifting direction, this is prevented by the tensile force by the tension members
7
. Thus, the quakeproof ability of the frame structure part
4
can be improved.
By the way, if the above steel-frame structure
1
becomes in a massive scale, a load on the strut reinforcing member
5
when an earthquake was occurred becomes large. Therefore, the intensity of each part must be increased. More particularly, the brace member
6
to be fixed to the tension member
7
to the four corners of the frame structure part
4
is necessary to have a sufficient intensity.
As shown in
FIG. 2
, the brace member
6
has a plate like steel member
8
(this is referred to as brace sheet) of which the outer edges
8
A and
8
B are fixed by welding to the cross beam steel members
2
A or
2
B and the vertical steel member
3
of the frame structure part
4
, and a plate like connecting steel member
9
(this is referred to as brace plate) welded to the both ends of a tension member
7
that is a stick steel member for example. Two bolt holes
10
A and
10
B drilled in the brace sheet
8
and the brace plate
9
are clamped by bolts, so that the brace plate
9
is joined by pressure to the brace sheet
8
. Here, in the pressure joint method employed, a bolt is contacted to the inside surface of the bolt holes
10
A and
10
B so as to prevent the slippage between the brace plate
9
and the brace sheet
8
.
Thus, when an earthquake occurred, a load on the tension member
7
is propagated from the brace plate
9
to the brace sheet
8
through a bolt passing through the bolt holes
10
A and
10
B.
Then, practically, when a load is large, a method that at least two or more pieces of bolts are used to fix the brace plate
9
to the brace sheet
8
and strongly unifying the brace plate
9
and the brace sheet
8
by clamping power and antishear force by the above two or more pieces of bolts has been adopted.
If adopting this method, however, the following phenomenon occurs. As shown in
FIG. 3
, the direction D
1
that the bolt holes
10
A and
10
B are aligned and the tensile direction D
2
by the tension member
7
do not coincide, so that if the tension member
7
is pulled to a direction different from the arranged direction D
1
that the bolt holes are aligned, the brace plate
9
turns to a direction matching with the tensile direction D
2
centering the bolt passing through the front bolt hole
10
A. Thus, as shown in
FIG. 4
, the rear bolt hole
10
B is deviated from a fixed position
10
B
1
when the brace plate
9
was fixed to the brace sheet
8
in construction to a deviated position
10
B
2
deviated by the turn of the brace plate
9
.
At this time, since the brace plate
9
moves to the direction deviated from the brace sheet
8
, a shearing force functions to the bolt passing through the rear bolt hole
10
B by the edge of the bolt hole
10
B on the brace plate
9
, and the bolt is sheared or the shape of the edge of the bolt hole
10
B is broken. Thus, the joined force of the brace plate
9
and the brace sheet
8
lowers.
In this manner, according to the brace member
6
of
FIG. 2
, since the joined force of the brace plate
9
and the brace sheet
8
lowers when an earthquake occurred, the function of the strut reinforcing members
5
to the frame structure part
4
is deteriorated; and thus, there is a fear that the quake-proof ability of the frame structure part
4
becomes weakened.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Considering the above points, the present invention provides a method of and an apparatus for joining steel members and a method of and an apparatus for processing a joined surface to join the joined surfaces of the steel members as firm as possible by a simple technique.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a reinforcing member which can prevent the lowering of a function as a reinforcing member with a simple configuration.
To obviate such problems according to the present invention, as describing below comparing with the embodiments, a rolling die
46
L(
46
R) in which a rolling edge
48
B having one or plural concentric higher parts has been formed on a conical incline
48
A is rolled around a connecting hole
21
already drilled or to be drilled later in the steel member
12
in the state where the conical incline
48
A is contacted to the joined surface of the steel member
12
and pressed by prescribed constant pressure obtained by pressure setting means
42
B,
58
A to
54
C and
57
, so that a slip-proof surface
52
having a pair or plural pairs of concentric recessed and projected parts is formed around the connecting hole
21
.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, in a method of and an apparatus for joining steel members for mutually overlapping the joined surfaces of a first and a second steel membe
Edmondson L.
Frommer William S.
Frommer & Lawrence & Haug LLP
Ryan Matthew K.
Takashima Corporation
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