Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Ion exchange or selective sorption
Patent
1986-05-07
1987-09-15
Cintins, Ivars
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Ion exchange or selective sorption
210681, 210683, 210685, 210686, 210900, C02F 142
Patent
active
046938281
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a method of ion-exchanging and/or adsorption, and to a method of producing pure water. More specifically, this invention relates to a method of ion-exchanging and/or adsorption in a liquid, thereby separating an unnecessary or a useful product in the treated liquid.
BACKGROUND ART
Ion-exchange resins are conventionally widely used for treating liquid for ion-exchanging and/or adsorption. However, since most of the ion-exchange groups are located in the inner portion of the resin rather than in the surface area thereof, this treatment has drawbacks in that the reaction rate is low and so the treatment is time-consuming, and it is also difficult to conduct ion-exchanging and/or adsorption with high efficiency. If the ion-exchange resins are powdered or finely grained, other drawbacks are brought about that their handling becomes troublesome and the liquid-flow resistance becomes very high. It was proposed recently to treat a liquid with an ion-exchange fiber having a large surface area, so as to attain high reaction rate and high freedom in the selection of the form of the ion-exchanger in use. However, this method has a lethal drawback in its low treatment capacity due to the voluminousness of the fiber.
The present inventors intensively researched to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks to complete the present invention.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a method of ion-exchanging and/or adsorption in a liquid with an ion-exchanger to separate a useless or a useful product characterized in that the liquid is first treated with an ion-exchange resin, and thereafter the liquid is treated with an ion-exchange fiber.
This invention is based on the surprising discovery that by treating a liquid first with an ion-exchange resin and then with an ion-exchange fiber, the useless and/or the useful product to be separated is ion-exchanged or adsorbed with high sensitvity, and the treatment capacity is drastically increased. This invention thus provides a method of ion-exchanging and/or adsorption which is applicable in various fields and which is far superior to conventional methods. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a large amount of highly pure water from raw water in a short time by removing impurities in the raw water by conducting ion-exchange and/or adsorption.
The ion-exchange resins used in the present invention include known and/or commercially available ion-exchange resins of usually 100 to 1000 .mu.m diameter. More specifically, examples of the resins used in the present invention include gel-type and MR-type ion-exchange resins produced by introducing ion-exchange groups to a styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer with a high chemical-resistance and heat-resistance. The ion-exchange groups include cation-exchange groups such as sulfo group, phospho group and carboxyl group; anion-exchange groups such as primary, secondary, and tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium group; and chelate groups such as aminocarboxylic group, amidoxime group, aminophosphoryl group, polyamine group, pyridyl group, dithiocarbamyl group.
The ion-exchange fiber used in the present invention includes known ion-exchange fibers of usually 0.1 to 100 .mu.m diameter and preferably 1 to 100 .mu.m diameter. The examples of the fiber include insoluble synthetic organic ion-exchange fibers produced by introducing ion-exchange groups to a synthetic organic polymer (ion-exchange polymer) of, for example, polystyrene-based, polyphenol-based, polyvinyl alcohol-based, polyacrylic-based, polyethylene-based or polyamide-based. In view of the mechanical strength and the retainability of its form, it is preferred that the fiber comprise a reinforcing polymer in addition to the ion-exchange polymer. Preferably, the fiber is a composite fiber comprising a reinforcing polymer as its core(s) and an ion-exchange polymer as its sheath which surrounds the core. The content of the reinforcing polymer in the fiber is usually 10 to 90% by weight,
REFERENCES:
patent: 4313832 (1982-02-01), Shimizu et al.
Shimamura Masaharu
Yoshikawa Seiichi
Yoshioka Toshio
Cintins Ivars
Miller Austin R.
Toray Industries Inc.
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