Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g. – Directive – Utilizing correlation techniques
Reexamination Certificate
2002-02-11
2003-10-28
Phan, Dao (Department: 3662)
Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g.,
Directive
Utilizing correlation techniques
C342S378000, C455S296000, C375S144000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06639551
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE TECHNOLOGY
The present invention relates generally to wireless communication technology, and more particularly to a process for cancelling interference in wireless base stations with smart antenna or in user terminals.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In modern wireless communication systems, especially in code division multiple access (CDMA) wireless communication systems, smart antennas are generally used to increase system capacity, system sensitivity and communication distances using lower emission power.
The Chinese patent named “Time Division Duplex Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access Wireless Communication System with Smart Antenna” (CN 97 1 04039.7) discloses a base station structure for a wireless communication system with smart antennas. The base station includes an antenna array consisting of one or plural antenna units, corresponding radio frequency feeder cables and a set of coherent radio frequency transceivers. Each antenna unit receives signals from user terminals. The antenna units direct the space characteristic vectors and direction of arrival (DOA) of the signals to a baseband processor. The processor then implements beam formation by the receiving antenna using a corresponding algorithm. Among them, any antenna unit, corresponding radio frequency feeder cable and coherent radio frequency transceiver together is called a link. By using weight, getting from the up link receiving beam forming of each link in the down link transmitting beam forming, the entire functionality of smart antennas can be implemented, under symmetrical radio wave propagation.
A primary aspect of modern wireless communication systems is mobile communication. Mobile communication works within a complex and variable environment (reference to ITU proposal M1225). Accordingly, severe influences of time-varying and multipath propagation must be considered. The Chinese patent referenced above as well as many technical documents concerning beam forming algorithms of smart antenna conclude increased functionality will result with increased algorithm complexity. Nevertheless, under a mobile communication environment, beam forming must be completed in real time, and algorithm-completion time is at a microsecond level. As another limitation of modern microelectronic technology, digital signal processing (DSP) or application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) cannot implement highly complex real time processing within such short time periods.
Faced with this conflict, CDMA mobile communication systems use a simple maximum power composite algorithm. This is both simple and also can solve problems associated with the time delay of multipath component composition within a chip width. Nevertheless, in modern CDMA mobile communication systems in a mobile environment, both the time delay and amplitude of the multipath propagation component is increasing, so that interference is still severe. As a result, under a mobile communication environment, simple and real time beam forming algorithms of smart antennas not only cannot solve the multipath propagation interference problem, but also cannot thoroughly solve system capacity problems of CDMA mobile communication systems.
Technologies such as the Rake receiver and Joint Detection or Multi-User Detection have been widely studied for use in CDMA mobile communication systems in an attempt to solve interference problems associated with multipath propagation. Nevertheless, neither the Rake receiver nor multiuser detection technology can be directly used in mobile communication systems with smart antennas. Multiuser detection technology processes the CDMA signals of multiple code channels. However, smart antenna technology implements beam forming for each channel code separately, and after channel estimation and matched filter, all user terminal data are solved at the same time using an inverse matrix. So it is difficult to take advantage of the diversity provided by user multipath technology. Rake receiver technology includes user main multipath components, but it also destroys the phase relationship between antenna units of an antenna array. Another limitation of Rake receiver technology is that the user number is the same as the spread spectrum coefficient, which makes it impossible to work under full code channel circumstances.
There is a two-dimensional smart antenna technology, but it is in a research stage and its algorithm is immature and complex.
There is another method which processes multiuser detection after using smart antenna; but at this time as each code channel has been separated, processing multiuser detection must be separated for each code channel. As a result this technology not only cannot fully bring multiuser detection function into play, but also greatly increase the complexity of baseband signal processing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To increase system capacity and improve performance for CDMA wireless communication systems, it would be helpful to provide a simple and real time interference cancellation method convenient for use in CDMA wireless communication systems based on smart antenna.
Therefore, an object of the invention is to provide an interference cancellation method based on smart antenna. The invention allows CDMA mobile communication systems or other mobile communication systems to use smart antennas and simple maximum power composite algorithms, while efficiently solving interference problems produced by multipath propagation, etc.
A further object of the invention is to provide a set of new digital signal processing methods, which can be used in CDMA mobile communication systems or other mobile communication systems, to allow the mobile communication system to solve interference produced by multipath propagation, etc., while using smart antennas.
The invention of an interference cancellation method based on a smart antenna, comprises:
a) with a beam forming matrix provided by a real time beam forming algorithm, implementing beam forming for an output digital signal of a receiver based on smart antenna and providing a set of digital signals, represented as NR
k
(m), after beam forming, where k represents code channels and m represents sample points;
b) canceling the main path signals of other users included in the set of digital signals NR
k
(m) after beam forming, and getting another set of digital signals, represented as NS
k
(m), which only includes needed signals and all interference signals, where k represents code channels and m represents sample points;
c) searching in digital signals NS
k
(m) and getting all multipath signals distributed on the formed beam direction;
d) canceling multipath interference signals coming from other users in digital signals NS
k
(m); and
e) superposing the main path and the multiple path signals of the working user terminals in phase coincidence to provide a digital signal with interference canceled.
In step a), the output digital signal of the receiver based on smart antenna is in sample level.
Step a) is performed in a base band signal processor. The steps include: synchronizing and eliminating over sampling of the output digital signal of a receiver based on smart antenna; de-scrambling, de-spreading and dividing it into each code channel signal; forming a receiving beam for every link with a beam forming composite algorithm in a beam former, and getting the composite results.
The beam forming algorithm can be a maximum power composite algorithm.
Step a) further comprises: demodulating the smart antenna output signal, outputted by a beam former, and detecting the signal-to-noise ratio of the training sequence. When the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a threshold value, the receiving data is directly outputted and the procedure is ended. When the signal-to-noise ratio is less than a threshold value, the succeeding steps are executed.
Step b) further comprises: solving the main path of signals comings from other terminal users in the formed beam of working code channels; spreading the spectrum for the main path signals, adding scrambling code to the main path sign
Li Feng
Li Shihe
Alston & Bird LLP
China Academy of Telecommunications Technology
Phan Dao
LandOfFree
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