Furnaces – Process – Treating fuel constituent or combustion product
Patent
1988-08-05
1990-10-02
Bennet, Henry A.
Furnaces
Process
Treating fuel constituent or combustion product
110245, 110346, 110342, 110343, F23G 530, F23G 700
Patent
active
049600575
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of incinerating all types of waste such as municipal waste, waste plastics, industrial waste, various kinds of waste slurries, waste liquid, etc. and all fuels such as coal, petroleum coke, bark, etc. (these wastes and fuels being referred to as "combustibles") by using a fluidized bed type incinerator wherein a grain material comprising TiO.sub.2 or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 as its primary component is employed as a fluidizing medium.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
During the period in which the saving of resources has been eagerly discussed following the so-called 2nd Oil Crisis, many new technologies such as melting or heat decomposing furnaces and the technology for recycling plastic from waste plastic with the aim of resource recovery have been widely developed.
However, the reduction process employed in the melting furnace, heat decomposing furnace or the like has involved the consumption of several times the amount of energy which may be recovered thereby and, thus, the reduction process required more than three or four times the expense of the incinerating process in a conventional incinerator and its stable operation has been found to be difficult. The above reduction process has, thus, in fact, resulted in failure and many enterprises have ceased their efforts in this direction.
Further, in cases where the recycling of waste plastic is performed, it is difficult to sort the waste plastic since the many kinds of waste plastics are mixed together and, therefore, the recycled plastic contains a mixture of many kinds of plastics whereby the recycled plastic cannot be used in a manner similar to that in which fresh plastic material is used except in the case of making relatively low grade goods. Also, there is another problem in that harmful substances are contained in the plastic, such as heavy metals including stabilizing agents and pigments, etc. and, therefore, the usage of recovered plastic has been limited to the manufacture of goods such as stakes and flower pots which need not necessarily be made of plastic, and so the manufacturing thereof is, in fact, expensive and unprofitable.
Further, if the waste plastic is used for reclamation, since it is bulky because of its low specific gravity, and also since its volume does not reduce due to its relatively stable characteristics which tend to inhibit decomposition, it is difficult for the waste plastic to be effectively disposed of in reclamation.
As noted above, there have been difficulties in recycling waste plastic and disposing of the same such as in reclamation, etc. and there has thus been no suitable way of disposing of these waste plastics. It has therefore been desired to find a good solution for disposing of waste plastics and determining the proper pre-sorting requirement for collecting waste plastics which has been problematic for the workers concerned with garbage disposal in local government.
In some municipalities, waste plastics have been sorted out as being improper for incineration since some kinds of plastics will generate high temperatures which may damage a furnace if subjected to incineration in a mechanical furnace or the like such as a stoker. However, it is difficult to completely sort out plastics from the inflammable municipal waste and it is inevitable that a certain amount of plastic will remain in the waste after sorting, at least say 10% thereof.
Particularly in the case where vinyl chloride or the like is incinerated hydrogen chloride is generated which is apt to corrode metals and concrete, etc., thereby not only damaging the furnace or smoke stack but also becoming the cause for pollution. Great expense and effort has therefore been required in the disposal of the discharged gas generated by the incineration of vinyl chloride, etc.
In November, 1983, it was announced that the generation of harmful dioxin had been detected in the mechanical stoker type of incinerator and such announcement caused social unrest. The generation of organic chloride compositions such as po
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Wall, C. J.; Graves, J. T., Roberts, E. J.; How to Burn Salty Sludges, Apr. 14, 1975, Chemical Engineering pp. 77-82.
Mullins et al., 13th Australian Chemical Engineering Conference, Perth, Paper A5B, Aug. 25 to 28, 1985.
Higo Tsutomu
Mizoguchi Yukio
Ohshita Takahiro
Bennet Henry A.
Ebara Corporation
Kilner C. B.
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