Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture – Methods – Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Patent
1985-08-01
1987-07-28
Weston, Caleb
Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
Methods
Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
156294, 5230913, 5230914, 5230915, 5230917, 52344, 106 74, 106 75, E04B 194
Patent
active
046830197
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to methods for forming refractory coatings on columns or beams made of steel, and provides methods for applying self-hardening and fire-resistant compositions to columns or beams made of steel with extreme ease and reliability to produce refractory coatings outstanding in function.
BACKGROUND ART
Refractory coating methods considered preferable are those capable of fulfilling the following requirements: increasing of living space in the building; serve to mitigate the weight load to be supported by the lower floors of a high-rise building; interface between the steel element and the coating, more specifically those which are unlikely to peel or flake in the interface therebetween, particularly when wetted or heated; even to connections between the bases to be coated; within a short time after application; surrounding, hence without staining the environment;
The methods heretofore known for forming refractory coatings on steel elements include the PC method, spraying method, troweling method and concrete-placing method. The spraying method is subgrouped into dry or semi-wet spraying method and wet spraying method. These conventional coating methods have their own features but suffer drawbacks.
The molding plate method employs molding plates and has the following advantages and disadvantages. The advantages are as follows: (1) giving coatings which have constant quality because of use of molded or shaped plates manufactured in plants, not depending on the skills of operators, (2) enabling the completion of operation at a time even on bases which require 3 hours' fire resistance without involving repeated operations, (3) having the efficiency in work reduced to a lesser extent by the absence of one operator from a team usually of 3 or 4 operators than the spraying method, (4) effectively preventing the pollution from occuring due to the scatter of the composition about the environment by the wind, (5) achieving good efficiency in work because of the operation involving no scatter of composition in the environment. The disadvantages include (1) the need to study the layout and workability when setting molded plates to a complex place containing diverse kinds of steel elements and numerous connections as in elevator shafts and staircases which require cutting and adhering of shaped plates and like cumbersome labors, thereby reducing the efficiency in work, (2) the necessity of removing the adhesive forced out from between the shaped plate and the surface of the base when placing the shaped plates to nooks like return ducts as in elevator shafts and ceilings in order to prevent the adhesive forced out from being strewn in the environment, and (3) the need to use an adhesive in larger amounts to assure reliable adhesion, considering that the adhesive should not be applied in excess amount to the joint between the shaped plates when adhering shaped plates to steel elements and joining shaped plates to one another, in order to prevent undesirable shrinkage of the joint from occuring due to the vaporization of the sodium silicate during the hardening of the adhesive, the excess adhesive being unnecessary because of shaped plate units having relatively small size and involving low stress due to the heat distortion and narrow joints between shaped plates.
The PC method involves the use of precast concrete and has the advantages of saving the labor in construction site because of use of prefabricated blocks and panels and also being suitable for columns or pillars owing to the hard surface finish. On the other hand, the method possesses the drawbacks of involving the use of precast concrete elements which are cumbersome to handle in construction site because of the great weight; encountering difficulties in coping with the interlayer displacement of concrete blocks which would occur due to the high rigidity and hardness thereof, depending on the mode of application of blocks; and tending to form a layer of great thickness (low in fire resistance and heat insulation per unit th
REFERENCES:
patent: 3230129 (1966-01-01), Kelly
patent: 3802975 (1974-04-01), Saidla
patent: 3830173 (1974-08-01), Hubble et al.
patent: 3908327 (1975-09-01), Quigg
patent: 4130440 (1978-12-01), Nose et al.
patent: 4483713 (1984-11-01), Motori
Shikoku Kaken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Weston Caleb
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