Method of forming and reproducing a three-dimensional image and

Details Method of forming and reproducing a three-dimensional image and Method of forming and reproducing a three-dimensional image and

1998-11-17

2000-02-22

Tung, Bryan

Television

Stereoscopic

Picture signal generator

348 49, 359 23, H04N 1302

Patent

active

060286210

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention is related to physical engineering, specifically, methods and devices for the formation and reproduction of a three-dimensional image in noncoherent light and is intended for use in photography, cinematography, and television.
There is a general method to form a stereoscopic image. The object is illuminated by image-formation radiation, and the radiation reflected from the object is recorded by a photosensitive cell in two perspectives corresponding to observation of the object through the right and left eyes.
To reproduce the image, special aids are used to allow each perspective to be observed separately through the right and left eyes. Such aids may include binoculars, color and polarization light filters, flash shutters, lens rasters, etc. This method is useful in photography, cinematography, and television. The shortcomings of this method are that a viewer cannot observe the parallax effect and has to stay immobile during observation N. F. Valyus, Raster Optical Instruments, Masliinostroyeniye, Moscow (1966), pp. 91-120).
Various devices are used to implement this method and improve, for example, the recording systems, viewing aids, etc., (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 2,922,998 (1960) and U.S. Pat. No. 4,049,339 (1977)).
A method to form a three-dimensional photographic image of an object by using raster or lens-raster systems (the so-called `integrated photography" method) is also known (see, e.g., Yu. A. Dudnikov and B. K. Rozhkov, Raster Systems for Stereoscopic Imaging [in Russian], Mashinostroyeniye, Leningrad (1986), pp. 102-172)). According to this technique, the object is illuminated by formation radiation having an arbitrary spectrum and the radiation reflected from the object is transmitted through a lens-raster screen, the micro lenses of which have a common focal plane, and the set of elementary images formed by those micro lenses is recorded by a photosensitive cell placed in that focal plane. In observation, the photographic image is illuminated by noncoherent radiation through the mentioned lens-raster screen and the recorded image is observed in transmitted light.
The device used for this method contains a source of formation radiation which is optically coupled with a three-dimensional image formation unit consisting of a lens-raster screen and a photosensitive cell. The three-dimensional image reproduction unit contains a lens-raster screen, a photographic image carrier, and a source of reproduction radiation, which are optically coupled with each other.
However, the difficulties in manufacturing a lens-raster system, the low resolution, and the "dead zones" due to lens rims which reduce the brightness of photographs impeded the introduction of this method and the device for its implementation into television and limited their use in photography.
A holographic method to form and reproduce a three-dimensional image of an object is also well known (see, e.g., Encyclopedia of Physics [in Russian], Sovetskaya entsiklopediya, Moscow (1988), vol. 1, pp.508 and 509). In accordance with this technique, the object is illuminated by monochromatic formation radiation and the interference pattern induced by the reference radiation, which is coherent with the formation radiation, and by the radiation reflected from the object is recorded at the photosensitive surface. The induced interference pattern is then illuminated by reference monochromatic radiation to observe a three-dimensional image. The holographic method is free of the drawbacks with the method of stereoscopic imaging and the lens-raster method.
The device for the holographic method contains a source of formation radiation represented by a laser and a three-dimensional image formation unit, which includes a photosensitive cell, and a source of reference radiation, which are optically coupled with each other. The three-dimensional image reproduction unit contains a source of reference radiation, which is also represented by a laser, and a carrier of the image of the interference pattern, which are optically coupled with each

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