Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Solid synthetic organic polymer as designated organic active... – Anti-fouling composition
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-31
2004-05-04
Levy, Neil S. (Department: 1616)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Solid synthetic organic polymer as designated organic active...
Anti-fouling composition
C424S078080, C424S405000, C424S407000, C514S731000, C514S732000, C514S733000, C514S734000, C514S735000, C514S736000, C514S737000, C514S738000, C523S122000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06730294
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a biocidal preparation, in particular to a biocidal film preparation. The invention has been developed primarily for use as a surface disinfectant cleaner and impregnation agent and will be described hereinafter with reference to these applications. However, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to this particular field of use.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Biocides are chemical compositions that are widely used in industry for disinfection and to prevent microbiological contamination and deterioration of commercial products, materials and systems. Of the biocides presently available, phenolic biocides are widely used.
In general, phenolic biocides are colorless and have minimal toxicological effects to humans i.e., cause little or no irritation to the skin. Although most phenolics have a characteristic odor, some of them, such as phenylphenols and dichlorophenes, have little odor and others such, as triclosan, have none. These properties are desirable as they enable such biocides to be used as an ingredient in orally administered pharmaceutical preparations; as an approved biocide for use in food establishments and plants; and in packaging material.
Phenolic biocides also have other desirable properties including a wide biocidal spectrum against microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi; residual bacteriostatic properties; and, unlike other biocides, are not readily deactivated by organic matter, such as blood, serum and milk. These biocides therefore have a wide application as disinfectants and antimold products in general household, industrial, and other areas requiring disinfection, as they can be used in the destruction of the microorganisms present or the prevention of their further proliferation to numbers that would be significantly destructive to the substrate or system being protected.
An example of a phenolic biocide is dichlorophene which, in addition to its antibacterial properties, is particularly effective against fungi, such as yeast mold and mildew. This property enables such derivatives to be used mainly as a preservative against mildew and rot in a variety of products including paper and textiles.
Another example of a phenolic biocide used is trichloro hydroxy diphenyl ether (Triclosan) which is an effective ingredient in deodorant and in skin cleansing preparations.
Hitherto, phenols have been used in industrial cleaners in an aqueous solution at very high pH (above pH 11). The use of cleaners with such high pH is undesirable in households. In order to overcome this problem, phenols have been used in alcoholic solution but such use leaves visable surface residues and is disadvantageous for household use.
To obtain aqueous detergent solutions of phenolic biocides they have first to be converted into their water soluble alkali salts, usually with sodium hydroxide, resulting in alkaline solutions of a pH of at least 11.0. The high alkalinity of these solutions excludes them from application in households and on surfaces susceptible to deterioration by alkalis. Their use has therefore been restricted to industrial cleaners for stainless steel equipment and hard floor surfaces in food processing and glass bottle washing plants and other industrial plants and areas where the higher alkalinity is acceptable.
When dissolved in an alcoholic-aqueous mixture with the addition of a small amount of a suitable surfactant to form a disinfectant cleaning preparation, such a solution will be on drying leave streaks and partly greyish areas on treated surfaces due to the remaining insoluble residues of the biocide.
Triclosan which finds its main application in antiseptic skin and hand cleansing preparations has been either used in suspension, or solubilized with non-ionic surfactants with resultant loss in activity.
In mildew and rot proofing of paper and textiles phenylphenol and especially dichlorophene are widely used as their sodium salt solution for the impregnation of these materials against fungal infection and prevention of mold formulations.
The high alkalinity of these solutions causes weakening of the strength of fibers and loss of the biocides either by leaching out in moist climates or by lack of binding to the surfaces treated. This has been prevented in the past by neutralization of the alkali salt and/or bonding the biocides by means of a metal salt, such as zirconium acetate. These processes necessitate a further manufacturing procedure, use of additional equipment and additional cost for the neutralization agent. These additional measures are required as bonding the biocidal agent onto the material to be protected was not always effective, especially when prolonged periods of protection were required.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to ameliorate at least some of the above disadvantages.
Preferred embodiments of the invention overcome the above disadvantages by providing a liquid biocidal preparation for the disinfection of solid surfaces and impregnation of paper, textiles and non-woven fabrics which at the same time protects them against reinfection by microorganisms.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
According to a first aspect, the present invention consists in a biocidal preparation comprising a halogenated phenolic biocide and less than 8 wt % of a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer or copolymer dissolved in an aqueous alcoholic solvent, the combination drying on evaporation of the solvent to form a clear film.
For preference the biocide is selected from the group consisting of triclosan, dichlorophene, chlorophene, p-chloro-m-xylenol (PCMX), hexachlorophene, o-phenylphenol, pentachlorophenol (PCP) and bromophene.
Preparations according to the invention surprisingly provide a substantially aqueous solution of a biocide preparation which, in the pH range of 2-10.0, on drying form clear films with disinfecting properties on the treated surface (which can be organic or nonorganic) and provides good adherence. The inventors believe that a colorless complex is formed between the polymer (or copolymer) and the selected phenolic biocide which surprisingly results in a desirably clear film.
If desired, a rot proofing solution can be added during the manufacturing process to the pulp of paper or textile fibers prior to sheeting and drying. It has been found that in this use preparations according to the invention provide excellent binding to the substrate with slow release of the biocide and without interfering with the feel or “handle” of the textile.
According to a second aspect, the present invention consists in a general household cleaner comprising:
0.1-3% by weight of dichlorophene or a combination of dichlorophene with o-phenylphenol, and
less than 8% by weight of a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer or copolymer in an aqueous alcoholic solvent.
According to a third aspect, the present invention consists in a medical cleaner comprising:
0.1-5.0% by weight of triclosan, and
less than 8% by weight of a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer or copolymer thereof, in an aqueous alcoholic solvent.
According to a fourth aspect, the present invention consists in a process of preparing a biocidal composition comprising the steps of combining a phenolic biocide selected from triclosan, dichlorophene, chlorophene, p-chloro-m-xylenol (PCMX), hexachlorophene, o-phenylphenol, pentachlorophenol and/or bromophene, with less than 8 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition, of a polyvinylpyrrolidone or copolymer in an aqueous alcoholic solvent.
The biocidal solutions are best prepared by prior dissolving the biocide and the polymer in alcohol(s) with subsequent addition of water not exceeding the amount which would cause turbidity and separation of the biocide.
Desirably, an effective amount of at least one anionic or non-ionic surfactant or a combination of both is included in the preparation.
According to a fifth aspect, the invention consists in a non-woven fabric wherein the binder includes at least one phenolic biocide, a water soluble film forming polymer, and at least one
Burdett James R.
Levy Neil S.
Novapharm Research (Australia) Pty Limited
Venable LLP
Wells Ashley J.
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