Plant husbandry – Process
Reexamination Certificate
1999-08-11
2001-11-20
Jordan, Charles T. (Department: 3644)
Plant husbandry
Process
C047S066700
Reexamination Certificate
active
06318022
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method of manufacturing plant container liners. In particular, although not exclusively, the invention relates to a method of forming sphagnum moss liners for hanging baskets, especially those baskets in the form of skeletal containers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Because of its unique water retaining properties, and pleasant appearance as a natural plant substance, sphagnum moss has traditionally been a favoured material for use in conjunction with floral arrangements and related horticultural activities.
Traditionally, sphagnum moss has been sold mostly in a dried state but sometimes in a wet state, but generally in a natural loose form in which each filament of the moss plant is separate and distinguishable.
In recent decades, a new technology has developed in the sphagnum moss industry. This is the use of pressure to compress the loose moss in a press into compact sheet form. These sheets are of various thickness, usually from 2 or 3 mm to about 7 mm. They are somewhat like cardboard in flexibility and look somewhat like particle board in texture.
In its traditional loose form, sphagnum moss has always been associated with hanging baskets. One reason for this is its particular ability to absorb and retain water up to and exceeding 20 times its own weight. Another is its natural and aesthetically pleasing appearance.
The most common traditional method of using sphagnum moss to line hanging baskets is to place some loose moss in the bottom of a wire hanging basket then cover the moss with a little potting mix. After this the basket is gradually filled, firstly by building up the outer layer of sphagnum moss around the outside of the basket and secondly by holding it in place with a little more soil and potting mix. This process is repeated several times until the lining of sphagnum moss reaches right to the upper rim of the hanging basket.
This is obviously a very labour intensive task. For this reason it has mostly been performed at home by the enthusiastic gardener, and by staff in some garden centres. In this form, hanging baskets with a layer of sphagnum moss directly inside the wire basket can be made available only when they are filled with soil and potting mix, because it is the soil and potting mix which holds the outer lining of loose filaments of moss in place.
It is evident that there is an extremely limited scope for selling sphagnum moss lined hanging baskets in this form. The labour content in filling them is very high. In addition the basket would need to be regularly watered to keep the potting mix and the sphagnum moss moist.
For these reasons, sphagnum lined hanging baskets filled in this way would normally have to be made and sold in the same garden centre. Such articles could not be manufactured on a large scale using technology and production machinery and then transported in bulk nationally and internationally to many retail outlets. Consequently only very small numbers of such sphagnum lined baskets are made up in this way.
One company in USA has taken a step forward in this regard and created a sphagnum moss lined hanging basket which can much more readily be transported in cartons as freight, or even posted in the mail, which makes them much more marketable than the previously mentioned type. In these, filaments of loose dry sphagnum moss are fixed onto the outside of the basket with very fine filament or wire. This means that no soil or potting mix is needed to hold the sphagnum moss in place.
However, the process of sewing the filaments or moss onto the outside of the basket is very time consuming and keeps this type of moss lining within the category of a hand crafted item. As such, this type of liner will always be relatively expensive, limited in numbers, and therefore a speciality item.
In very recent years two New Zealand firms have marketed hanging basket liners made from compacted sphagnum moss.
One company markets a product shaped like a Maltese cross. When placed inside a hanging basket, the edges fold up and contour to the shape of the basket. The other company produces a number of small flat shapes which when placed inside a hanging basket, also conform to its shape and become a sphagnum moss liner.
Common features of the two New Zealand compact sphagnum liners presently on the market are:
1 They are both presented to the public in flat, one dimensional form.
2 Both must be placed inside a hanging basket before they can assume and retain the three dimensional shape of the basket.
3 Both are in untreated compacted sheet form and bear little resemblance to sphagnum moss.
4 Both have to be assembled by the purchaser according to instructions supplied.
Extensive market research conducted on our behalf concerning basket liners made up of flat sections of compacted sphagnum moss shows that unless there has been a considerable amount of prior instruction and education, a large proportion of the general public and the gardening public are not aware that:
such flat shaped pieces of compacted sphagnum moss are in fact basket liners;
such a smooth surfaced, cardboard-like substance is in fact sphagnum moss.
In addition, the public needs instruction as to how such objects should be assembled into their end form as basket liners.
Consequently, expensive and extensive advertising and promotional material, and special training of shop sales persons at every point of sale has been necessary to combat the fact that many people do not know:
what such objects are and what they are for
what they are made of
how they are to be assembled
In spite of all this instruction, which does increase the price unnecessarily, many people still pass them by because they do not know what they are, and do not realise how they make up into a basket liner.
As a result, these liners have been observed in sales outlets being progressively moved into obscure positions of display where they gather dust.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a plant container liner which will address at least some of the foregoing problems or at least provide the public with a useful choice over liners at present available.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of forming a liner for a plant container, the liner being of three dimensional form having one or more walls extending in an upstanding configuration, the method including: compressing sphagnum moss into a thin, reconstitutable sheet; processing the sheet to a three dimensional form; and securing the sheet in that form, whereby the formed liner is such that the wall(s) of the liner are self-supporting in the upstanding configuration.
The sphagnum moss may be compressed into individual sheets (in the form of blanks), each for folding into an individual liner. An appropriately shaped mould may be used to form each of the blanks. Mould loading devices may be utilised to load a predetermined quantity of moss into the recesses of the moulds.
Alternatively, the sphagnum moss may be compressed into the form of a larger sheet so that a number of blanks may be cut from the sheet and each blank folded to form the three dimensional liner. Suitably each blank is secured in the three dimensional form by the use of fasteners such as staples. However glueing and sewing is also possible.
Each blank is generally of a form including a base section and one or more wall sections, preferably a single arcuate wall section extending around a circular base. In one form of such a blank the base section may be integrally formed with the wall section along a part of the periphery of the base, allowing the remainder of the wall section to be folded about the remainder of periphery of the base. The blank is secured in the three dimensional form by overlapping extension areas of the base and/or the wall section and joining together the ends of the wall section by fastening means such as staples passing through the overlapped sections. Where the blank is made directly in the aforementioned shape by the use of a mould,
Jordan Charles T.
Nelson Judith A.
The Christian Church Community Trust
Workman & Nydegger & Seeley
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