Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Food or edible as carrier for pharmaceutical
Reexamination Certificate
2001-08-17
2003-12-02
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Food or edible as carrier for pharmaceutical
C424S410000, C424S439000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06656494
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a breeding method of a female pig for propagation and a feed for a female pig for propagation. More specifically, the present invention relates to a breeding method of a female pig for propagation for elevating a propagation result of a pig by further increasing a litter size, elevating the number of delactation, shortening the days of returning estrtus and allowing an annual average delivery frequency to grow, and a feed for a female pig for propagation which is suitably used in this breeding method.
BACKGROUND ART
So-called lipids such as triglycerides and fatty acids are excellent particularly as an energy source among three essential nutrients and have so far widely been used for a feed for livestock (refer to, for example, ┌Animal Dietetics┘ H. Morimoto, Yokendo, 1987). Among them, triglyceride is not isolated in the form of triglyceride and fed in almost all cases in the form of a material itself containing a lot of triglycerides such as soybean, rapeseed, corn, cotton seed and rice bran or cakes containing triglycerides obtained after pressing oils from the above materials (┌Japan Standard Feed Component Table┘ edited by an executive office of Fisheries Technology Conference in Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Japan Livestock Industry Association, 1995). In recent years, fatty acids obtained by hydrolyzing this triglyceride, particularly hardened fatty acids such as beef tallow and palm oil tend to be used in many cases because of easiness in handling.
These triglycerides and fatty acids have been used blending with general mixed feeds for the purpose of efficiently supplying energy and have not been used for the purpose of improving a breeding efficiency paying attentions to a physiological activity of a specific fatty acid. With respect to this point, only evaluation of fat and oil raw materials and fats and oils as energy sources such as a digestible nutrient total amount and metabolizable energy is described in the Japan Standard Feed Component Table described above which is a leading standard book of livestock nutrient in our country.
On the other hand, fatty acid calcium salt which is one of lipids is a relatively new material which came to be first used as a feed in 1980s. This fatty acid calcium salt is widely used as a high energy feed for livestock such as high yielding dairy cows and others, particularly for supplying energy in a hot weather (refer to, for example, ┌Utilization Data of Fat and Oil to Cow Feed┘ The National Federation of Dairy Cooperative Associations, 1988). Further, known as other uses are a method in which this fatty acid calcium salt is used for supplying energy which is liable to be short when feeding mainly grass for a growth in rumen in breeding beef cattles, whereby a healthy growth in rumen and a good grown body are obtained (┌Beef Cattle Journal, February issue, March issue, July issue, August issue and September issue┘ T. Terada, 1997), a method in which calcium salt of fatty acid contained in fish oil is fed to cattles and pigs to introduce eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid into meats (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 289734/1996), a method in which calcium salt of fatty acid contained in linseed oil is fed to milking cows to introduce &agr;-linolenic acid into milk (┌Nicchiku Report┘ vol. 66, No. 10, p. 889 to 897, S. Ishida et al., 1995) and a method in which calcium salt of fatty acid contained in linseed oil is fed to egg breed chickens to introduce &agr;-linolenic acid into eggs (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 315350/1994).
As described above, all of a triglyceride, a fatty acid and fatty acid calcium salt have so far widely been used as a raw material for a feed, and they have been used in almost all cases for the purpose of (1) growing a body and improving production of milk by efficiently supplying energy or (2) introducing some kinds of fatty acids into livestocks such as beef, milk, pork, chickens and eggs.
In recent years, attentions are paid to a physiological activity of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid as new uses of these lipids, and it is tried to make use of them for breeding of cattles (┌Clinical Veterinary┘ vol. 14, No. 7, p. 33 to 39, M. Nishikai, 1996; Feetstuffs, Staples, C. R. et al., Jan. 12, 1998). Further, it is reported that these unsaturated fatty acids reduce a death rate of fertilized ovums, which results in elevating a fecundation rate of cattles (Thatcher, W. W. et al., J. Anim. Sci., 72 (Suppl. 3), p. 16 to 30, 1994).
As described above, researches regarding a relationship of a breeding result with triglycerides, fatty acids and derivatives thereof and applications thereof in breeding cattles have come to be carried out, but it is the existing situation that a relationship thereof with triglyceride, fatty acids and derivatives thereof in breeding pigs have not yet been researched. That is, as far as breeding of pigs is concerned, it has so far actively been tried to elevate an ability intrinsic to pigs by breeding based on a thremmatological method, and a litter size per head of a mother pig has come to reach, for example, 12 head/parturition on an average. However, it has not yet been tried to elevate a breeding result thereof from the viewpoints of nutrients such as feed components and physiologically active substances contained in feeds.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In light of the circumstances described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a breeding method of a female pig for propagation for elevating a breeding result of pigs by (1) increasing a litter size, (2) elevating the number of delactation, (3) shortening the days of returning estrus and (4) increasing an annual average delivery frequency. A second object thereof is to provide a feed for a female pig for propagation which is suitably used in this breeding method.
Thus, intensive researches repeated by the present inventors in order to achieve the objects described above have resulted in finding that the first object can be achieved by feeding a female pig for propagation with a lipid comprising a fatty acid having a prescribed carbon number in which a melting point and an iodine value each fall in a specific range and which has plural double bonds in a molecule and triglyceride and a metal salt thereof and that the second object can be achieved by a feed containing the lipid described above in a specific proportion. The present invention has completed based on such knowledge.
That is, the first object of the present invention can be achieved by a breeding method of a female pig for propagation characterized by feeding a feed comprising at least one lipid selected from a fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms which has a melting point falling in a range of −60 to 40° C. and an iodine value falling in a range of 30 to 470 and which has 2 to 6 double bonds in a molecule, a triglyceride containing the above fatty acid and a metal salt of the above fatty acid, particularly a feed containing a lipid comprising a metal salt of the above fatty acid and, if necessary, a triglyceride containing the above fatty acid.
Further, the second object thereof can be achieved by a feed for a female pig for propagation characterized by comprising at least one lipid selected from a fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms which has a melting point falling in a range of −60 to 40° C. and an iodine value falling in a range of 30 to 470 and which has 2 to 6 double bonds in a molecule, a triglyceride containing the above fatty acid and a metal salt of the above fatty acid in a proportion of 0.5 to 10% by weight in terms of the fatty acid described above.
BEST EMBODIMENT FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the breeding method of a female pig for propagation of the present invention (hereinafter referred to merely as ┌the breeding method of the present invention┘), fed with a female pig fo
Fukayama Masahiko
Kobayashi Mampei
Nakata Masahide
Agromedic Co., Ltd.
Antonelli Terry Stout & Kraus LLP
Page Thurman K.
Young Micah-Paul
LandOfFree
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