Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Processes – Requiring soil work
Patent
1993-01-28
1995-01-24
Ridgill, Jr., James L.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Processes
Requiring soil work
521698, E02D 2700, E04G 2112
Patent
active
053833198
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The subject invention concerns a method of erecting a foundation structure for a building substructure.
In erecting concrete building substructures, in situ casting is the procedure most commonly used today. The use of finished, prefabricated beams that are delivered to the building site, is justified only when the building project is a large one and the resources in terms of economy, machinery and personnel are ample from the start. Otherwise, i.e. in the case of building projects of small or medium size, the use of such beams involves highly specialized equipment, such as specialty vehicles, to transport the beams to the building site and, on the building site, hoisting cranes having a considerable lifting capacity, all of which is considered to be too expensive.
Also in situ casting, however, involves working processes that are complicated in several respects but have long been used, in the absence of better alternatives. For instance, following the excavation to accommodate the the building substructure, and deposition of a bed of gravel or macadam, a team of carpenters is called upon to set out and erect on the bed the forms necessary for the casting of the foundation beams. After completion of the casting operation and setting of the concrete, the team of carpenters has to return to the building site to remove the beam forms. Very often, the dismantled forms cannot be re-used. Some of the casting costs thus are consumed by the used-up form timber. An added complication is that workers of several different categories, such as excavator operators, carpenters, and concrete casters, must intervene alternatingly in the working process. The risk for unnecessary delays thus is considerable, resulting in increased costs.
In accordance with the teachings of the invention a method has been developed by means of which the work involved in erecting a foundation structure for a building substructure is highly facilitated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be described in closer detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shuttering joist as seen obliquely from above,
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same joist as seen obliquely from below,
FIG. 3 is a perspective broken view showing different stages of erecting a building foundation, and
FIG. 4 is a perspective view as seen obliquely from above of a modified embodiment of the shuttering joist.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The shuttering joist 1 that is used in connection with the method in accordance with the invention consists of two upright, mutually parallel side flanges 2 and 3 of concrete, and of a web 4 of concrete, interconnecting the side flanges at the bottom thereof. Side flange 2 is slightly higher than side flange 3 and its inner face is covered with an insulating layer 5. The web is formed with a number of apertures 6, the function of which will be explained in the following. Shuttering joists 1 of this configuration are prefabricated in a factory and are transported to the building site.
When shuttering joists 1 arrive at the building site the excavation work is already completed and a bed 7 of gravel has been laid and, preferably, has been compacted. On top of the bed 7 of gravel, slabs 8 of concrete are positioned, spaced apart by a distance equalling the length of the shuttering joist. The thickness of the slabs 8 preferably is 5-7 cm. The shuttering joists 1 thereafter are lowered onto the bed so as to be positioned butt end against butt end on top of the slabs 8 and in such a manner that a slight gap is left between the joist webs 4 and the bed 7 of gravel. The shuttering joists 1 are placed in such positions that the higher side flange 2 comprising the layer of insulating material 5 will form the external wall of the building foundation.
The shuttering joists 1 thus set out are secured in position by back fill material that is placed against the external face of the side flange 2. This back fill material, which preferably consis
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