Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – tissue cell culture or enzyme using process... – Preparing oxygen-containing organic compound
Patent
1996-07-19
1998-07-07
Naff, David M.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...
Preparing oxygen-containing organic compound
435135, 435176, 435187, C12P 764, C12P 762, C12N 1114, C12N 998
Patent
active
057767416
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a 35 U.S.C. 371 national application of PCT/DK95/00076 filed 21 Feb., 1995, which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention comprises a method for production of an immobilized enzyme preparation, comprising an enzyme applicable for organic synthesis in a mainly organic medium devoid of free water, and a use of the immobilized enzyme preparation. The most common enzyme which is applicable for organic synthesis in a mainly organic medium devoid of free water is lipase. Examples of other enzymes of this kind are proteases, amidases, esterases, oxidoreductases, and nitrilases. In the following the invention usually will be described with reference to lipase as the predominant example of an enzyme which is applicable for organic synthesis in a mainly organic medium devoid of free water. The term "organic synthesis" is to be understood as generally accepted in organic chemistry. Thus, typical examples of organic syntheses included in the scope of the invention are the following: reesterifications, transesterifications, interesterifications, acylations, epoxidations, aminolyses, ammoniolyses, oxidations, and reductions. The term "mainly organic medium devoid of free water" is to be understood as a one phase medium, the organic part of which amounts to at least 50% w/w.
Immobilized lipase preparations are used as catalysts for interesterification and other fat related processes, e.g. cocoa butter substitute production. In case of a batch reaction the catalyst has to be separated from the reaction mixture for reuse when the reaction is finished. Thus, a good filtrability of the catalyst is needed for satisfactory performance.
WO 90/05778 describes a method for production of an immobilized lipase preparation useable for e.g. margarine production. This preparation comprises a macroporous silica carrier.
EP 140 542 describes an immobilized lipase preparation for interesterification of fats. This preparation comprises an anion exchange resin carrier.
Both these prior art immobilized lipase preparations suffer from the disadvantage that they are expensive. Especially in relation to the production of margarine, which is produced in millions of tons per year on a global basis, it is important to minimize production costs.
Thus, the purpose of the invention is the provision of a method for production of a cheap immobilized enzyme preparation which should exhibit technical properties equal to or almost equal to the prior art immobilized enzyme preparations, especially in regard to filtrability after a finished batchwise margarine production and in regard to a low pressure drop in columns for continuous performance, in case the enzyme is a lipase, and of a use of such immobilized enzyme preparation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The method according to the invention for production of an immobilized enzyme preparation comprising an enzyme applicable for organic synthesis in a mainly organic medium devoid of free water, is characterized by the fact that a liquid enzyme composition and a particulate silica carrier with a particle size below around 100 .mu.m is used as materials to be introduced into a granulator or extruder, whereafter a granulation or an extrusion is carried out. The liquid enzyme composition can be non-aqueous, e.g. on alcoholic basis, or aqueous. The particulate silica carrier can exhibit a broad particle size distribution, e.g. between around 5 .mu.m and 100 .mu.m. In this specification with claims "silica" is to be understood as either silica or a silicate, e.g. magnesium silicate. It is to be understood that the invention both comprises the situation, where a particulate immobilized lipase composition with a particle size distribution similar to the particle size distribution of the particulate silica carrier is first produced, whereafter the granulation or extrusion is carried out (vide Examples 6 and 7), and the situation, where the production is carried out in one step only (vide Examples 1 to 5). Also, i
REFERENCES:
patent: 4275081 (1981-06-01), Coleman et al.
patent: 5342768 (1994-08-01), Pedersen et al.
Chemical Abstracts, 118: 55095v, 1993.
M. Norin et al., "Lipase Immobolized By Absorption", Applied Microbiology, Springer-Verlag 1988, pp. 527-530.
Fredrik Bjorkling et al., "A Highly Selective Enzyme-catalysed Esterification of Simple Glucosides", J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1989, pp. 934-935.
Aasmul Per
Larsen Anne M.o slashed.rkeberg
Pedersen Sven
Agris, Esq. Cheryl T.
Naff David M.
Novo Nordisk A S
Zelson Esq. Steve T.
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