Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Structurally defined web or sheet – Nonplanar uniform thickness material
Patent
1995-07-14
1997-11-11
Yoder, Michele K.
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Structurally defined web or sheet
Nonplanar uniform thickness material
156209, 156553, 156555, 156582, B32B 3108
Patent
active
056861680
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns fiber products, in particular sanitary and household papers made of cellulose tissue. It further applies to a method for embossing a sheet or web comprising one or more plies and to an embossed paper sheet or web useful as a sanitary paper, napkin or general purpose towel.
Bulky products are desired in the household and sanitary paper industry because this feature is linked in the user's mind to absorptivity, softness and good appearance. Bulk is increased by embossing the paper and, where desired, by making a sheet of two or more plies.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,556,907 discloses a paper manufacturing mode, in particular, comprising two plies or elementary foils of creped paper. The plies are embossed separately and comprise protrusions or bosses on one side. The plies are combined by moving the sides closer together and nesting the protrusions. The equipment includes two embossing units, each with one steel and one rubber cylinder, and further a laminator cylinder distinct from the embossing cylinders. The laminator cylinder is a rubber cylinder and cooperates with one of the metal cylinders to assure ply combination. The sheet that was embossed by the cylinder out of contact with the laminator cylinder is slightly, but noticeably, warped on account of its stretchability when it is lifted off the cylinder to pass underneath the laminator cylinder. As a result, sufficient space must be provided between the protrusions to permit them to nest. Thus, the permissible maximum density is restricted. High density would result in protrusion straddling. Even though said patent allows for as many as 30 protrusions per cm.sup.2, in practice, the maximum has been found to be 12 protrusions per cm.sup.2.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,940,529 describes a two-ply absorbent product. Each ply evinces an embossed pattern with shallows and rises. The rises on a ply are situated between the rises of the other ply and bonding is by mechanically joining the slopes between the trough and the top of the rises. This mechanical junction lessens the strength because of the local sheet perforation. The equipment comprises two metallic embossing cylinders fitted with rises or pegs meshing with each other. The spacing between the elementary rises is less than their width so that the sheet is strongly compressed along the slopes of theses rises and can be joined.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,325,773 describes a procedure for joining two plies which previously were separately embossed. The two embossing cylinders mesh with each other and ensure combination of the plies. It should be noted in this respect that the embossing pattern consists of elongated rises which are comparatively far away from each other.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,759,967 describes an embossing procedure for a multiple sheet consisting of mutually bonding the plies to each other by means of atomized adhesive and then embossing the sheet between two metallic cylinders. The embossing patterns on the cylinders consists of cavities alternating with rise zones relative to the surface plane. The two cylinders mesh each other, the rises of one cylinder engaging the recesses of the other. Be it noted that these cylinders are engraved in a conjugate manner.
Study of this prior art has show that to date, the apparent thickness of the embossed products, that is, the distance between the two sides of the sheet, is not constant.
Regarding the nested-type products, the thickness e1 in the ply bonding zone is equal to the sum of the ply thicknesses but is less than the thickness e2 of the zones between the bonding areas which form air pockets.
The object of the invention is an embossing manufacturing method for a sheet composed of at least one ply whereby the sheet is inserted between two metallic cylinders which are fitted with protrusions and driven in rotation by known means and which also mesh with each other with a play e1 between the top of the protrusions of one cylinder and the surface of the opposite cylinder and with a play e2 between the slopes of two adjacent protrusions. This method is charact
REFERENCES:
patent: 3708366 (1973-01-01), Donnelly
patent: 4101367 (1978-07-01), Maier
patent: 4325773 (1982-04-01), Schulz
patent: 4913911 (1990-04-01), Wildt
patent: 5468323 (1995-11-01), McNeil
Hungler Joel
Laurent Pierre
Ruppel Remy
James River
Yoder Michele K.
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