Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – Method of operation
Patent
1994-04-07
1996-09-10
Look, Edward K.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
Method of operation
415 36, 415 37, 415 42, 415 46, 415116, 4151492, 415150, 415167, 415181, 415202, 415904, 416223A, 416197R, 416243, F01D 102, F01D 1506, F01D 1700
Patent
active
055539955
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method of driving a turbine in rotation and to a corresponding turbine device.
Turbines have been known for a long time and are essentially constituted by a hub bearing blades, driven in rotation by a fluid (gas, liquid) passing therethrough.
In known manner, drive of a turbine by a fluid makes it possible to transfer the energy of the fluid to the rotation shaft of the turbine. For example, rotation of this shaft serves to drive an alternator to produce electric current, or to drive various tools (drilling, sawing , . . . ).
Up to the present time, the problems of the known devices reside in high flow velocities necessary for obtaining the highest powers possible. However, such high flow velocities lead to considerable disturbances; for example, when the fluid is a gas, there is creation: the device.
The consequences of such disturbances are, inter alia, that: shapes (which involves a limited, and even very limited domain of use), vibratory phenomena accompanying these disturbances,
Another aspect limiting the use of the prior turbine devices resides in the high, even very high speeds of rotation of these devices.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome all these drawbacks and in particular to create a turbine of which the nominal working point is not associated with a transonic flow velocity in order to avoid all the problems associated with the disturbances induced by such a flow.
It will be recalled that a working point is characterized by a torque of value (speed of rotation, power) or (speed of rotation, torque). In the present description, nominal working point will mean a working point corresponding to a maximum power. Nominal torque working point will mean the working point corresponding to a maximum torque.
One of the purposes of the invention is to obtain powers comparable to those obtained on conventional turbines, but with flow velocities compatible with flows which are not or only slightly disturbed.
To that end, the present invention concerns a method of driving a turbine in rotation, said turbine being connected to an upstream fluid admission channel and to a downstream ejection channel, said process being characterized in that it consists in: fluid presenting a determined pressure Pp, velocity Vp and mass flow dmp, this fluid presenting a pressure ps and a velocity vs less than those of the primary fluid, and a mass flow Dms, directing the mixture of the fluids towards the turbine, this mixture presenting a mass flow equal to the sum of the mass flows of the primary and secondary fluids (dmp+Dms), blades of this turbine and
Advantageously, the method according to the invention is a method of driving a turbine in rotation at a variable reference speed of rotation and consists in addition in: rotation of the turbine, working point of the turbine to correspond to the reference working point.
Thus, the fact of injecting a primary fluid at pressure and velocity higher than the secondary fluid entrains the latter towards the turbine. This effect is known under the name of Venturi effect or jet pump effect. However, this effect is used in the present invention as energy transformer and speed reducer. In fact, the Venturi effect, in the present case, transforms the energy of the primary fluid injected via a nozzle with low mass flow and high velocity and pressure, into the energy of a fluid (resulting from the mixture of said primary fluid with the secondary fluid sucked by Venturi effect), characterized by a high mass flow and a low flow velocity.
Now, in known manner, the power available on the rotation shaft of the turbine is: P=C. .omega. . where C is the torque delivered and .omega. the speed of rotation of the turbine. The torque is expressed by: C=F.d where F is the overall radial force resulting from the flow of the fluid in inter-blade channels of the turbine and where d is the distance from the point of application of this force to the shaft of the turbine.
Moreover, if it is question of a gaseous flow, in first approximation, the force F i
REFERENCES:
patent: 392730 (1888-11-01), Howard
patent: 3173604 (1965-03-01), Sheets et al.
patent: 3972196 (1976-08-01), Silvestri, Jr.
patent: 4367626 (1983-01-01), Schwartzman
patent: 4566844 (1986-01-01), Flink
patent: 5161946 (1992-11-01), Bortz et al.
patent: 5275528 (1994-01-01), Freeman et al.
Look Edward K.
Verdier Christopher
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