Crop threshing or separating – Flax thresher
Patent
1993-12-14
1995-11-14
Melius, Terry Lee
Crop threshing or separating
Flax thresher
460 68, A01F 1102, A01F 1242
Patent
active
054661889
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method and a corresponding flax dressing machine having a breaking device for decorticating flax.
The harvesting process of the traditional flax line for the textile sector is directed towards obtaining a maximum fiber length in conjunction with uniform fiber length distribution and fibers arranged parallel. For these quality requirements the conduct of the dew retting of the pulled plants in the field and recognition of the correct gathering time are of decisive importance. The risk of losing the harvest is great and the period of time during which harvesting is possible, the so-called harvesting window, is extremely short and cannot be determined in advance because of the dependence of the biological dew retting process on weather.
Parallel laying of the pulled flax stalks in the field and the maintenance of this strict orientation during all subsequent intermediate mechanical steps in the field constitute another major feature of the traditional harvesting technique. This parallel orientation adds considerably to the difficulty of handling the material in the field. It was, however, hitherto unavoidable, not only in connection with the further dressing of the flax but also because of its influence on the retting process in the field. Good arrangement on the ground and a slight layer thickness ensured uniform retting.
According to the traditional line the fibers themselves are obtained by a process carried out in stationary equipment only after the stalk material has been gathered. Since the fibers amount to at most 20% of the weight of the stalks, 80% of the biomass was therefore transported unnecessarily.
From EP-A-0 332 726 a self-propelled flax harvesting device is known which already contains a breaking device in the form of numerous pairs of breaking rollers. It is thereby attempted to decorticate the flax straw already in the field, at least coarsely, and to strew the wood components over the field. However, here also the flax straw must be fed to the breaking device with an appropriate parallel alignment. If in this known machine a pick-up head is provided to pick up flax straw in tangled form, this means that the tangled, bent stalks must be realigned exactly parallel in the machine.
DE-A-37 35 235 also describes a flax harvesting machine having a breaking device for the woody inner core of the flax stems. Here also the stems are fed to the breaking device in an orderly, uniform manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The problem underlying the invention is that of proposing a flax decortication method which is so effective that after brief dew retting or slight chemical pretreatment a degree of decortication can be achieved which can form the preliminary stage of a modern fiber disintegration process for stationary operation. In addition, the aim is to propose for the application of this method a machine which is so compact that it can also be mounted on a vehicle and can work during travel.
These problems are solved by the performing the following steps: feeding the tangled mass of flax into a flax dressing machine; pulling the flax over a first breaking edge; moving the flax, after the pulling step, through a plurality of parallel slots using a plurality of gripping elements; pulling the flax, after the moving step, over a second breaking edge; conveying the flax from the second breaking edge through a peripheral gap formed in a drum breaking device in a direction tangential to the device to form an essentially decorticated fiber; and moving the fiber, after the conveying step, in an axial direction through a fine breaking and fiber cleaning device having an elongated rotor and being comprised means for conveying, loosening, separating, and cleaning the flax. comprising: a first breaking edge located adjacent to an entrance into an interior of the flax dressing machine; a first breaker comprising a plurality of stationary plate-shaped elements arranged to form a plurality of parallel gaps, and a plurality of rotatable plate-shaped elements f
REFERENCES:
patent: 3481342 (1969-12-01), Rowland-Hill et al.
patent: 3982548 (1976-09-01), Stamp et al.
patent: 4198802 (1980-04-01), Hengen et al.
patent: 4492237 (1985-01-01), Pakosh
Schaal Walter
Weigelt Horst
Claas OHG
Melius Terry Lee
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