Printing – Processes – Condition responsive
Reexamination Certificate
2001-03-05
2004-01-20
Funk, Stephen R. (Department: 2854)
Printing
Processes
Condition responsive
C101S365000, C101SDIG029
Reexamination Certificate
active
06679171
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a method of controlling an ink layer on a printing form of a printing machine and, thereby, controlling color reproduction of a printing machine.
Within the context of the invention of the instant application, a printing machine can be regarded in very simplified form as including three components for each color to be printed, namely the printing form or plate, an ink source supplying the printing ink, and a transport device for transferring ink discharged by the ink source to the printing form or plate in the form of an ink layer.
During printing, individual printing inks are often distributed very non-uniformly in a subject to be printed. A consequence thereof is that the printing form or plate accepts a large quantity of ink from the transport device in some areas, while in other areas little or no ink is accepted. This can lead to a non-uniform distribution of the ink layer on the transport device, so that ink from the heavily inked areas of the transport device can possibly pass over to areas of the printing form or plate where it is not desired. The result may be a faulty, spotty printed image.
Metering of ink from the ink source to the transport device is generally performed zonally, i.e., zone by zone. Zones which correspond to areas in the printing image wherein the relevant color is represented only to a limited extent are supplied with a lesser quantity of ink than other zones.
In order to prevent boundaries between two zones from becoming visible in the printed image during the zonal metering, it is necessary to distribute the ink, which has been applied to the transport device, transversely to the printing direction on the path of the ink from the ink source to the printing form. The transverse distribution causes the quantity of ink which is transferred to the printing form in a zone defined by the transport device to be only to some extent the same as that which was applied by the ink source to the same zone of the transport device. Part of the ink originally applied into the zone has been displaced into adjacent zones by the distribution, and parts of ink layers originally applied to adjacent zones have been intermixed.
Moreover, inking-unit simulation programs have become known heretofore which permit the calculation of nominal or desired values for the ink metering, which should be complied with in order to achieve a good printed result, based upon a large number of variables, such as the type of printing ink used, the type of printing material, the moisture content, the sequence of colors during printing, and so forth. These programs describe the chronological development of the ink layer thicknesses in an inking unit in the course of a printing operation, starting from an initial distribution of the ink, metering thereof by the inking unit, and acceptance of ink by the printed material and, for this purpose, calculate step by step the effects of each movement of the inking unit on the ink distribution. With the aid of this model it is possible to calculate a set of metering variables to be adjusted at the ink source for the various printing inks for the purpose of ink presetting at the beginning of a printing job. Because these programs calculate the chronological development of the ink layer thicknesses numerically, and because the number of printing operations needed to achieve a steady state of the printing machine can run up to 1000 sheets or more, the computing effort associated with the use of these programs is enormous. Controlling production printing by using such programs is therefore not economically possible.
The published European Patent Document EP 0 228 347 B1, and the published German Patent Documents DE 195 33 822 A1 and DE 196 02 103 A1 disclose methods of controlling or regulating the color reproduction of a printing machine in production printing. In these methods, at selected points of a printed image, color values are measured and compared with corresponding values from an original. Depending upon the type of the established deviation, the metering of individual printing inks is varied in order to match the printed result to the desired or nominal value.
In this regard, the problem arises that, if a color deviation is registered in a given zone, and the ink metering for the relevant zone is correspondingly changed, this change influences a large number of other zones because of the ink exchange caused by the distribution. For example, eliminating a color deviation in one zone can readily lead to color errors then occurring in one or more other zones which previously supplied a printing result satisfactory in terms of color. A renewed correction of these color errors can, in, turn react on the zone considered first, and on further zones. There is thus the risk of the entire color regulation becoming unstable and the printed results becoming completely unusable and, even if ultimately metering variables are found which supply satisfactory color reproduction for the entire image to be printed, this is nevertheless preceded by a lengthy regulating process, in the course of which a great number of rejects have been produced. In addition, the extent of the correction needed to eliminate a given deviation depends upon settings of the transport system, such as lateral distribution and dampening. Each change in these settings of the ink transport system therefore necessitates renewed learning of the relationships between the extent of the error and the extent of the correction.
Both when determining presettings for a printing machine and during the continuous readjustment of the settings of the machine, the problem therefore arises that the settings and the color values obtained therewith in the printed result are interrelated in an extremely complicated manner.
When determining the presettings by simulation, the user can initially select only more-or-less arbitrarily setting values for which he or she causes the simulation to be performed, can estimate, based upon the simulation result, what setting or settings may possibly have to be changed in order to improve the color reproduction, and can repeat the simulation with accordingly changed settings. By performing a great number of simulations, it is then ultimately possible to find a set of presettings which promises satisfactory results; it is, however, not possible to assess whether this set is the best possible.
Even when regulating the settings during production printing, if a deviation from the desired color reproduction is determined, it is not directly possible for a correction to the settings to be specified which promises to correct only the determined deviation accurately and without any disruptive accompanying phenomena. Instead, it is possible only to feel one's way to the desired or nominal color reproduction step by step by observing the effects of changes to the settings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a method of controlling an ink layer on a printing form of a printing machine which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages heretofore known in the prior art.
With the foregoing and other objects in view, there is provided, in accordance with the invention, a method of controlling parameters of an ink layer at a selected location in a printing unit of a printing machine, the printing machine including at least one ink source for producing the ink layer on a transport device, whereon metering variables for regulating the application of ink to the transport device are zonally settable, and further including the transport device for transferring the ink layer to the selected location, the method comprising, for each zone of the ink layer, using a subject to be printed for determining desired values of parameters which the ink layer is to have at the selected location, and setting the metering variables of the ink source, based upon the desired values of the parameters, so that the parameters of the ink layer as the ink layer is applied to the transport de
Mayer Martin
Pfeiffer Nikolaus
Funk Stephen R.
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Hinze Leo
Mayback Gregory L.
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