Cleaning and liquid contact with solids – Processes – For metallic – siliceous – or calcareous basework – including...
Patent
1992-11-09
1994-05-03
Breneman, R. Bruce
Cleaning and liquid contact with solids
Processes
For metallic, siliceous, or calcareous basework, including...
134 40, 252547, C11D 1835
Patent
active
053084012
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the use of a combination of ionic and nonionic surfactants--optionally with conventional additives--for cleaning hard surfaces. "Industrial cleaners" are usually used for such purposes.
STATEMENT OF RELATED ART
Such industrial cleaners are mainly used in spray cleaning stations in the automotive industry and in the supplier industries thereof for cleaning and passivation. They are suitable for intermediate cleaning and final cleaning of parts that have been subjected to chipless e working or machining in fabrication and assembly plants. Virtually all relevant materials, such as iron and steel, aluminum, Silumin.RTM., copper, brass, zinc, and plastics, can be treated, and the majority of all of the organic or inorganic contaminations, such as cooling lubricants, rust proofing oils, working oils, drawing aids, pigments, and light abraded metal dust, can be removed. Such cleaning agents may also be used in conventional immersion procedures; however, the application thereof in spraying procedures is usually preferred.
The chemical base components of such industrial cleaners usually are surfactants and organic corrosion inhibitors. The latter assure a temporary protection from corrosion during and after the treatment. As a rule, such cleaning agents additionally contain substances which are capable of counteracting undesired foam formation. The use of such foam-inhibiting additives in most cases is caused by the fact that the contaminations accumulated in the cleaning baths act as foam-forming materials. Moreover, it may be required to employ so-called antifoam agents due to the fact that the cleaning agents themselves contain components which under the given working conditions--i.e. especially in spraying processes--give rise to an undesirable foam formation; for example, anionic surfactants and some nonionic surfactants tend to foam at actual working temperatures.
From Ullmanns Encyklopadie technischen Chemie [English translation of title: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry], 4th Edition, Volume 22 (1982), pages 489 to 493, there has been known the use of fatty alcoholpolyethylene glycol ethers--also designated as fatty alcohol ethoxylates--as surfactant component in washing and cleaning agents. However, such addition products of ethylene oxide to fatty alcohols are not suitable for use in spraying operations, because they strongly foam when applied at temperatures within the range of from 15.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. It has further been known to employ fatty alcohol ethoxylate-propoxylates as weakly foaming detergent raw materials; cf., Ullmann, loc. cit., page 494.
DE-A-36 20 011 describes cationic surfactants based on quaternary ammonium compounds and the use thereof in cleaners. The cationic surfactants are employed in the alkaline pH range, along with other cleaner constituents.
EP-A-0 116 151 describes a process for regenerating and/or recycling aqueous degreasing and cleaning solutions by the addition of cationic surfactants or cationically modified polymers or mixtures thereof.
EP-A-0 054 895 describes a surfactant mixture comprising a non-ionic surfactant and a quaternary ammonium compound as a cationic surfactant for cleaning hard surfaces. The nonionic surfactant is present in the mixture in an amount of from 20 to 95% by weight, and the cationic surfactant is present in an amount of from 5 to 80% by weight.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Object of the Invention
In comparison, it was the object of the present invention to provide surfactant combinations for cleaning hard surfaces, which surfactant combinations in the total range of temperatures which is of practical technical relevance, namely in the range of from 15.degree. to 80 .degree. C., exhibit low foaming properties and, hence, are suitable for use in spraying processes. Moreover, these surfactant combinations are intended to have a high cleaning power and excellent wetting properties relative to the substrate to be treated therewith; furthermore, said surfactant combinat
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Geke Juergen
Hirthe Raina
Stedry Bernd
Breneman R. Bruce
Dunn Jr. Thomas G.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Szoke Ernest G.
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