Metal fusion bonding – Process – Using explosive energy
Patent
1994-08-19
1995-11-28
Heinrich, Samuel M.
Metal fusion bonding
Process
Using explosive energy
228 25, B23K 2008
Patent
active
054700132
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method of cladding an outer tube with an inner tube by detonating explosive charges.
2. Description of the Prior Art
It is known to expand a corrosion-resistant inner tube into contact with an outer, mechanically strong tube by means of an explosion process, so as to obtain a mechanical pressure joint between the two tubes. It is also known to bind the two tubes metallurgically over the whole of their contacting surfaces by means of an explosion-welding process.
In the case of the mechanical pressure joint, one drawback is that in the case of large diameters and thin cladding tubes, there is a risk that the latter tube will become inwardly distorted should a vacuum be generated in the conduit.
In the case of the metallurgical joint, the risk of inwardly distorsion does not exist, since a joint of this nature has a high mechanical strength, even against radially and inwardly acting stresses.
An explosion-welding process, however, is expensive, particularly in the case of large diameters, which require very large quantities of explosives and supportive fixtures. In practice, explosion-welding processes are restricted to tube lengths of 4-5 metres.
These drawbacks are avoided with the inventive method, both with solely mechanical joints and also with explosion welds effected over the entire surface of the tubes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus, the present invention relates to a method of cladding an outer tube with an inner tube in which the inner tube is made, for instance, of a corrosion-resistant material. The inventive method is characterized by placing a number of explosive charges in the inner tube in contact with or essentially in contact with the inner surface of the tube, said explosive charges being spaced from one another and distributed over the inner surface of said inner tube; filling the inner tube with a pressure-transmitting medium, preferably water; and detonating all explosive charges simultaneously, such as to cause a local metallurgical joint in the vicinity of respective explosive charges and expansion of the inner tube into abutment with the outer tube.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to an exemplifying embodiment thereof and also with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
FIGS. 1 and 2 are respectively radial and axial section views of an outer and an inner tube with explosive charges placed in accordance with one embodiment of the inventive method;
FIGS. 3 and 4 are views corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 and show the outer and the inner tube subsequent to having detonated the explosive charges;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are views similar to those of FIG. 1 and illustrate other embodiments of the inventive method;
FIGS. 7 and 8 are respectively a top view and a sectional view of a device for mounting explosive charges in a tube, said device being intended for use when practicing the inventive method;
FIG. 9 is a cross-section view to illustrate the device of FIGS. 7 and 8 rolled into an assembled cylindrical state; and
FIG. 10 illustrates a variant of the device illustrated in FIG. 9.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an outer tube 1 which is to be clad with an inner tube 2, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. The inner tube 2 may consist of a corrosion-resistant material for instance, whereas the outer tube 1 may be a standard steel tube.
According to the invention, a number of small explosive charges 3 are placed in the inner tube at the inner surface of the tube 2. These charges 3 are arranged in mutually spaced relationship on the inner surface of the inner tube 2 and are distributed over said inner surface in contact with or essentially in contact with said inner surface. The inner tube 2 is then filled with a pressure-transmitting medium 4, preferably water. All explosive charges 3 are detonated simultaneously, in a single volley.
FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the outer tube 1 a
REFERENCES:
patent: 3036374 (1962-05-01), Williams
patent: 3316627 (1967-05-01), Suzuki et al.
patent: 3364561 (1968-01-01), Barrington
patent: 3740826 (1973-06-01), Baba
patent: 3863327 (1975-02-01), Legate et al.
patent: 4494392 (1985-01-01), Schroeder
patent: 5104027 (1992-04-01), Persson
Exploweld AB
Heinrich Samuel M.
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