Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Processes – Requiring soil work
Patent
1994-04-11
1996-06-04
Friedman, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Processes
Requiring soil work
52 11, 52 14, 52 16, 523021, 523027, 138 45, 285 42, E04D 1304
Patent
active
055221971
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method in connection with a roof drainage apparatus, in which a water flow, when increasing, is changed from an open flow into a closed flow and directed into a water-outlet tube through an opening arranged in the bottom of a trough recessed in a roof structure. The invention also relates to a roof drainage apparatus.
Such solutions are well-known at present. As an example of prior art solutions can be mentioned an apparatus disclosed in Finnish Patent 70446. In this known solution the opening is arranged directly in the roof level. The means changing open flow into closed flow comprise a plate positioned above the opening, the size of the plate and its distance from the roof level being dimensioned according to criteria causing closed flow.
Another example of a prior art solution is an apparatus disclosed in Finnish Patent 75394. This apparatus utilizes the same basic principle causing closed flow as the apparatus according to Finnish Patent 70446. However, in the apparatus according to Finnish Patent 75394, the opening is arranged in a trough recessed in the roof structure and not directly in the roof level as in Finnish Patent 70446 mentioned above.
The above-mentioned solutions work very well in principle, but drawbacks have nevertheless been observed especially in connection with large roofs provided with several roof outlets joined to the same tube system. These drawbacks are due to the fact that it is difficult to provide separate roof outlet branches with correct flow resistances. In the event that the separate roof outlet branches cannot be provided with correct flow resistance, the system does not function in the best possible manner, and in the worst case, the system does not function at all. An additional inconvenience is also that tubes in different diameters are available to a relatively restricted extent, and it is therefore often necessary in practice to make compromises when choosing tubes. Further inconveniences are caused by the fact that it has not been possible to regulate the flow resistances of the separate roof outlet branches after the installation of the tube system. It shall be noted that the system is rather sensitive to blockages caused by impurities, so that flaps or the like of whatever kind cannot be used, if a reliable function of the system is desired in all circumstances.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus by means of which the drawbacks of the prior art technique can be eliminated. This has been achieved by means of the solution of the invention. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the water-outlet tube is regulated in a throat after the opening arranged in the bottom of the trough in such a manner that the shape of the cross-section remains substantially unchanged. On the other hand, the drainage apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that an element is positioned in the water-outlet tube at the throat after the opening, by means of which element the cross-sectional area of the water-outlet tube can be regulated in such a way that the shape of the cross-section of the water-outlet tube remains substantially unchanged at the regulation.
In comparison with the prior art technique, the primary advantage of the invention is that the flow resistances of the separate roof outlet branches can be regulated after the installation in a rather simple manner. It is thus possible to regulate the system to function practically optimally in each particular roof structure. A further advantage is that flow resistances can be regulated within a very wide range, which makes the system function reliably even in very difficult cases. Flow resistance can be changed within a range of 0 up to 90%. An advantage of the invention is also that a regulating element can easily be formed such that impurities do not stick to it, and therefore, no detrimental blockage can occur. It is also simple to arrange a double
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patent: 4144041 (1979-03-01), Hou
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Friedman Carl D.
Oy Kolster AB
Saladino Laura A.
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