Distillation: processes – separatory – Vaporization zone under positive pressure or vacuum – And returning product of distillation step to distillation zone
Patent
1997-01-07
1999-11-09
Manoharan, Virginia
Distillation: processes, separatory
Vaporization zone under positive pressure or vacuum
And returning product of distillation step to distillation zone
196114, 202182, 202197, 202204, 202205, 203 98, 203DIG14, 208 92, 208100, 208357, 208366, B01D 310, B01D 312, C10G 706
Patent
active
059806982
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
AREA OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method and equipment for vacuum distillation of a liquid product, presumably of petroleum stock, and may be used in petroleum refining industry for rectification of petroleum base stock at vacuum column.
STATE OF ART
A method is known and an equipment for vacuum distillation of petroleum stock, which includes a vacuum column equipped with a side section, wherein the reduced pressure is produced using a jet blower (ejector), wherein the active (ejecting) medium used is steam (U.S. Pat. No. 2,073,446 and U.S. Pat. No. 2,140,342).
However, the defficiency of the known method and equipment is in mixing of petroleum fractions with steam and, accordingly, carrying away by steam a portion of petroleum fractions, the latter leading to contaminating of steam and to reducing the equipment efficiency.
A method is known for vacuum distillation of a liquid product which comprises feeding the latter to a reservoir under vacuum, separating the liquid product in reservoir to gases and vapours of readily volatile fractions and to at least one liquid fraction, pumping out from the upper reservoir volume the gases and vapours using a vacuum-creating apparatus through a condensing cooler, and discharging them from the latter (K. P. Shumski "Vacuum apparatus and equipment in chemical engineering", Moscow, Mashinostroyeniye Publishers, 1974, pages 123, 143, 153).
An equipment is known as well for vacuum distillation of petroleum stock which comprises a vacuum column with mains for feeding the petroleum stock and removing the liquid fraction, and a main for removing gases and vapours of easily volatile(upper) petroleum fractions from the top of the column, which is connected to a vacuum-creating apparatus (ejector-type steam pump). The mains between the top of the column and the vacuum-creating apparatus comprises a cooling condenser (Petroleum refiner Handbook. Ed. G. A. Lastovkin, Leningrad, Khimiya Publisher, 1989, page 74).
According to the known method and equipment, the vacuum value in the column is achieved using ejector-type steam pump, in which the ejecting (working) medium used is steam.
The steam mixes with petroleum vapours and decomposition gases, this resulting in contamination of steam condensate with the former products, and in removing by the steam condensate of the top petroleum fractions. Moreover, the ejector-type steam pump does not provide compressing of hydrocarbon gases which are not condensed after the cooling condenser to a pressure necessary for feeding said gases to e.g. fuel collector of petroleum refinery plant. Therefore, said gases are to be burned in flame tounges if additional compressor equipment is absent.
The condensed matter from vacuum-creating device is delivered to a settling tank wherein the petroleum product is separated from aqueous condensate. The settling tanks of said type represent obviously environment sources.
Another, shortage of the known method and equipment is in condensing of easilly volatile fractions before the vacuum-creating device in the cooling condenser, this, due to pressure differential in the latter, results either in higher pressure at the top of the column leading to reduced yield of volatile (light) products, or to the power increase provided for the vacuum-creating device.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The object of the given invention is a problem of creating the method and the equipment for vacuum distillation of a liquid product, which should provide intensification of vacuum distillation process by producing the closed circuit of vacumm-creating device, in order to reduce environmental pollution and to reduce power consumption along with equipment efficiency increase.
The stated problem is solved by that in the method for vacuum distillation of a liquid product, presumably petroleum based one, which method comprises feeding a liquid product to a reservoir under vacuum, separating the liquid product in the reservoir to a vapour-gaseous phase and to at least one liquid fraction, and subsequent separating
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Chemical Industry No. 8, 1991, p. 20 (468) Intensification of Processes in Chemical Technology by Zaporozheta, I.A. Aleksandrov.
K.P. Shumski "Vacuum apparatus and equipment in chemical engineering", Moscow, Mashinostroyeniye Publishers, 1974, pp. 123, 143, 153.
Petroleum Refiner Handbook. Ed. G.A. Lastovkin, Leningrad, Khimiya Publisher, 1989, p. 74.
Abrosimov Alexandr Alexeevich
Kochemasov Alexandr Mikhailovich
Kochergin Ivan Alexandrovich
Tsegelsky Valery Grigorievich
Manoharan Virginia
Nath Gary M.
Novick Harold L.
Valery Grigorievich Tsegelsky
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