Hydraulic and earth engineering – Foundation – Underpinning
Patent
1997-06-11
2000-05-16
Lillis, Eileen Dunn
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Foundation
Underpinning
405229, 405239, 405266, 405184, E02D 500
Patent
active
060627700
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a method for underpinning buildings in accordance with claim 1 and furthermore a method of forming reinforced-concrete supporting elements in accordance with the preamble of claim 17.
It has long been known to consolidate foundations on unstable subsoil by excavating from under portions of the foundations and supporting these through an underlying concrete or brick structure. As part of the foundation is deprived of its support in the subsoil in the process, particularly in the case where the structure is in a state of decay, there is a risk of cracks forming in the brickwork and of the building collapsing in the worst case. These works must consequently be carried out with utmost care and are highly time-consuming.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a method whereby underpinning of buildings may be performed speedily and safely with simple means.
This object is attained by arranging at least one elongated supporting element in a direction substantially parallel to the foundation underneath the building to be underpinned.
This has the essential advantage that an entire section of a building's foundation may be underpinned in a single operation. Producing the elongated supporting element thus does not affect the subsoil on which the foundation rests to such a degree as to result in subsidences. At the same time, a stabilizing element for the entire side of the building is present underneath the foundation after completion of the elongated supporting element.
As a result, the time required for underpinning is reduced substantially as the entire section of the foundation is underpinned in one operation, other than in the previous technique wherein portions of the foundation were underpinned piece by piece.
It is another essential advantage that the hazard of accidents to working personnel can be reduced substantially as they will not be present immediately underneath the wall to be underpinned but in a lateral distance from the building.
It is another advantage that the building to be underpinned is less strained by this method, and the risk of the brickwork developing cracks or even collapsing is diminished substantially.
It is another advantage of this method that means common in constructional engineering and in civil engineering may be employed for its implementation. The technology necessary for carrying it out is thus available and comparatively inexpensive.
Further advantages can be obtained if a plurality of elongated supporting elements are arranged underneath the foundation and at least partly coupled among each other. Hereby the foundation is underpinned stepwise and may thus increasingly be stabilised. For producing a single supporting element, its dimensions are selected such that the subsoil below the foundation is affected only to an insignificant extent. Owing to the interaction of several supporting elements the foundation is then increasingly supported and eventually rests securely. In this manner a kind of large-surface foundation is created which has the effect of a "raft" carrying the foundation on the unstable subsoil.
Particularly by arranging supporting elements in a grid-like manner it is possible to obtain efficient underpinning of the entire building in the case of larger structures such as churches etc. Such buildings generally have a structure wherein the load of the building rests on a grid of supporting columns. These columns are partly located in the side walls and partly in the inner space o f the building. Due to the grid-like arrangement of the supporting elements, it is possible to proceed by specifically supporting respective load-bearing elements. Non-aggressive underpinning of all the load-receiving points of the building is therefore possible.
It is furthermore also possible to underpin single columns in the inner area of a building if the foundation settles in one area of the building only.
It is a further advantage if a system of mutually coupled supporting elements is e
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"Hausunterfangung Im Zuge Der Frankfurter U-Bahn," by peter Hohmann and Robert Suss, PZ Journal fur Freunde und Mitarbeiter des Hauses Polensky & Zollner, Sep. 13, 1984.
Lee Jong-Suk
Lillis Eileen Dunn
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