Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Peptide containing doai
Patent
1997-07-02
2000-02-15
Duffy, Patricia A.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Peptide containing doai
514912, A61K 3800
Patent
active
060253290
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a therapeutic agent for ophthalmic diseases, which is effective for therapy of various retinochoroidal diseases.
BACKGROUND ART
Visual function is the most important in the sensory functions and 80% of information from the outer world is inputted through visual system. Therefore, visual dysfunction such as low vision or ablepsia is one of the most serious physical handicaps. In view of the fact that aging of people is proceeding in an information-oriented society, to prevent visual dysfunction would be one of the most important tasks of today's medicine. The importance of improving the QOL (quality of life) of patients in the treatment of the patients who have difficulties in daily life has been advocated. In ophthalmic diseases, it is essential to improve QOLV (quality of life and vision) including improvement and maintaining of visual function, so that it is an urgent task to establish a therapeutic method for attaining this.
Although severe low vision and ablepsia may be caused by various causes, those which are most likely to be the direct cause are retinochoroidal diseases including so called retinal neovascular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and neovascular maculopathy; detachment of retina; choroiditis; and pigmentary retinal degeneration and macular dystrophy which are hereditary diseases. Therapies of these diseases include chemotherapies, photocoagulation operations and operations of hyaloid body. However, their effectiveness is not satisfactory and it is strongly demanded to develop a chemotherapy which is surely effective. When compared with the photocoagulation operations and operations of hyaloid body, which would accompany with invasion and serious stress, chemotherapy has great advantages that the invasion is smaller and to perform therapy is easier. Thus, development of chemotherapies against increasing various ophthalmic diseases is strongly desired. However, so far, the number of highly effective drugs is small.
On the other hand, with the recent progress of the basic and clinical studies, pathological clarification of retinochoroidal diseases is progressing. That is, it has been getting clearer that paropsis is caused not only by pathological change of visual cells in retina which is a sense organ in the narrow sense, but also by pathological change of retinal pigment epithelium which plays a great role in the metabolism of visual cells, disorders of nerve fibers, circulatory disorder of retina, and by circulatory disorder of choroid.
Especially, the important role of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in sustaining visual cells has been more and more clarified. That is, the cells are aligned in one layer, that is, in the lowest layer in the retina, on the Bruch's membrane, and absorb the light reached to the retina so as to prevent reflection. Further, the RPE cells constitute the blood-retinal barrier which partitions the visual cells and the vascular layer of choroid together with the Bruch's membrane, and participate in production of various cytokines. Thus, RPE cells have important physical and physiological functions, such as sustainment and regeneration of visual cells.
Recent studies revealed that the cytokines to which RPE cells relate include an accelerator and an inhibitor for neovascularization, so that RPE cells control generation, development, inhibition and degeneration of choroidal neovascularity (as a review article, Yasuhiko TANAKA, Ophthalmology, 31, 1233-1238, 1989; or Masanobu UYAMA, Journal of Japan Ophthalmology Association, 95, 1145-1180, 1991).
It is expected that cultivating RPE cells and making physiological and pathological studies on the RPE cells will greatly contribute to the clarification of physiological functions and pathological state of the eye, and to development of therapeutic methods. However, studies on the factors modifying functions of the RPE cells are in the beginning. It has been clarified only that interleukin (IL)-1.beta., IL-6, IL-8, TNF (tumor necrosis factor), GM-CSF (granul
REFERENCES:
patent: 5455338 (1995-10-01), Sprecher et al.
Mizuo, M., Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 96, No. 6, Jun. 28, 1996 (JP 08 053362A).
Mizuo, M., Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 96, No. 6, Jun. 28, 1996 (JP 08 053495A).
Park et al., Growth Factor-Induced Retinal Regeneration in Vivo, Intl. Rev. Cytology, 146:49-74, 1993.
Matsui Mizuo
Sudo Tetsuo
Tanaka Yasuhiko
Utsumi Jun
Duffy Patricia A.
Toray Industries Inc.
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