Multiplex communications – Wide area network – Packet switching
Patent
1995-01-17
1996-08-06
Olms, Douglas W.
Multiplex communications
Wide area network
Packet switching
370 60, 370 855, 370 8512, 370 8515, 370 8514, 3701054, 375365, 371 201, H04L 1242
Patent
active
055441530
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a procedure for the transmission of digital data in a control/monitoring system of a building.
The increasing number of functions of and devices used in buildings and the increasing safety and environmental requirements impose new requirements on the development of systems for internal transfer of data and energy within a building. In a commercial building, dozens of different systems are needed, and their number is increasing in homes as well. To solve the problem of the expenses resulting from the installation and renovation of these systems, general systems designed to replace separate ones have been developed. In this type of "intelligent" system, it is possible to connect, e.g., temperature sensors and electromechanical actuators to the same conductor.
In these systems, however, several types of medium are used according to the type of mechanical connection of the devices or other requirements. There are also a number of data links completely outside these systems, including, e.g., public address and centralized radio systems, data networks and telephone networks.
In the present invention, all data transmission required in a building is integrated in a single medium. Excluded from the system is only the television aerial signal, but this, too, can be included when the component speeds increase in the future. However, video signals can be transmitted in compressed form even through a slow communication link, such as the 11 MHz link presented as an example in this application. In the system in question, the central component is a room-specific node, a local electronic control center with a sufficient number of connections for the control, monitoring and data transmission functions required for one room.
All devices needed in a room can be connected to the system: illuminators, electric heaters or electrically operated circulation water valves, different motors, locks, etc. The detectors used to obtain the information required for control and alarms include temperature, brightness, proximity, smoke and burglar alarm sensors. Devices using or producing information coded into different forms include computers, loud-speakers, telephones, and in hotels, e.g., the pay-television program selector. All these devices can be connected to a single node simultaneously if necessary.
In the following, the invention is described in detail by the aid of an example by referring to the attached drawings, in which
FIG. 1 presents the functions controlled by a node at the room level.
FIG. 2 presents a small system according to the invention, in which CN is the central node, CRD is a centralized radio device, Mod is a telephone modem, Tel is a telephone exchange or a telephone line, and N1 . . . N4 are nodes.
FIG. 3 presents a large system according to the invention, in which CN is the central node, CRD is a centralized radio device, Mod is a telephone modem, Tel is a telephone exchange or a telephone line, and N1 . . . N4 are nodes, PTV is a pay-television center, Mon is monitoring and control, Al is alarms and Rep is reporting.
FIG. 4 presents a data packet in which SYN is synchronization pattern, Lf is leading flag, A is address field, D is data field, P is parity, Tf is trailing flag, C is telephone channel counter, T is telephone channel field and 3 is hifi sound.
FIG. 5 presents a system of the invention comprising a central node and two other nodes. Connected to the central node are a telephone exchange and a centralized radio program source, to the first node a pair of loudspeakers for stereo sound, and to the second node two telephones.
FIG. 6 presents the data transmission electronics, in which T&C is timing and control, MI is microprocessor interface, F is flip-flop, M is multiplexer, L is line amplifier, B is buffer, S is shift register, D is demultiplexer, VC is volume control, m is multiplexer control, a is audio signal, t is telephone signal, c is command, mi is microprocessor interface, and l is loop.
FIG. 7 presents a block diagram representing the transmission of signals, w
REFERENCES:
patent: 3845472 (1974-10-01), Buchanan et al.
patent: 4709365 (1987-11-01), Beale et al.
patent: 4847877 (1989-07-01), Besseyre
patent: 5003533 (1991-03-01), Watanabe
patent: 5392281 (1995-02-01), Baumert et al.
patent: 5425022 (1995-06-01), Clark et al.
Blum Russell W.
Kubovcik Ronald J.
Olms Douglas W.
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