Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Peptide containing doai
Patent
1996-05-07
1998-08-25
Tsang, Cecilia J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Peptide containing doai
514 8, 514 9, 514 16, 514 17, 514 18, 530328, 530329, 530330, A61K 3800, A61K 3808, C07K 700, C07K 704
Patent
active
057983356
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to the treatment or prevention of eczema/dermatitis.
The terms "eczema" and "dermatitis" are synonymous and will be used interchangeably throughout this specification.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Eczema is a term that is widely, but often not consistently, used for a number of related skin complaints. Essentially, it is a reaction of the skin to a wide range of stimulants and irritants, some of which are known but many of which are unknown. The two classical criteria of the eruption in eczema are that it itches and that it causes vesication, or blistering, of the skin. Its first manifestation is often erythema. The next stage is usually the formation of vesicles or papules; these gradually break down and there is oozing from the affected area of the skin. If the condition persists, the skin may become thickened and to start scaling off.
Three common forms of eczema are nummular eczema, infective eczema and atopic eczema. Nummular eczema (or discoid eczema) consists of coin-shaped areas of eczema on the limbs which tend to itch intensely. Infective eczema is a form of eczema which can appear suddenly and spread rapidly in the area of a burn or cut. Atopic eczema is one of the most widespread and worrying forms of eczema; it often starts in infancy, at which stage its effects are particularly distressing, all the more so as the outlook for a cure is poor and the only effective local treatment is the application of hydrocortisone.
Eczema may be clearly contrasted with psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder of unknown aetiology. It results from the overproduction of skin cells leading to thickening of the skin and scaling. Silvery plaques occur most frequently on the scalp, elbows, knees and lower back. In some instances the disease is so mild that persons never know they have it. At its worst, the disease can cover the entire body with redness and scaling.
Corticosteroid therapy, therefore, is to date the most successful remedial treatment for eczema. However, steroid chemotherapy is not without its drawbacks and hazards. Goodman and Gilman state, in "The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", Seventh Edition, 1985: anti-inflammatory effects is palliative therapy; the underlying cause of the disease remains; the inflammatory manifestations are merely suppressed. It is this suppression of inflammation and its consequence that has made the corticosteroids such valuable therapeutic agents--indeed, at times lifesaving. It is also this property that gives them a nearly unique potential for therapeutic disaster.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It has now been discovered that a group of non-steroidal compounds, namely peptide T and its derivatives and analogues, are useful in the prevention and treatment of Eczema.
Originally, many of the peptides useful in the invention were described as being effective in the prevention of infection and replication of HIV in vitro, see EP-A-0249390, EP-A-0249394 and WO-A-8809338, all of which are incorporated by reference to the maximum extent allowed by law, as are all other documents referred to in this specification. The compounds useful in the invention are also the subject of pending and as yet unpublished PCT patent application No. PCT/GB93/00649, filed 29 Mar. 1993. All compounds disclosed in these specifications are useful for the present invention. The original peptide has its basic point of origin in the octapeptide Ala-Ser-Thr-Thr-Thr-Asn-Tyr-Thr (SEQ ID No:1). It is called Peptide T because 50% of the amino acid residues are threonine.
Accordingly in a first aspect the present invention consists in a method of treating or preventing eczema in a subject comprising administering to the subject therapeutic amount of a linear or cyclic peptide of General Formula 1: 1) (SEQ ID No:2) or polymeric carbohydrate or derivative thereof, such substitution being accomplished through hydroxyl and/or amino and/or amido groups of the amino acids,
Each of the amino acids referred to in General Formula 1 may be in the L- or D- stereoisomeric co
REFERENCES:
patent: 4689398 (1987-08-01), Wu et al.
patent: 5063206 (1991-11-01), Bridge et al.
SE 87/00125 (Wettenberg, L) 16 Jul. 1988, see abstract.
Johansson et al. Somatostatin immunoreactive cells in lesional psoriatic human skin during peptide treatment. Acta dermatol. Venerol., 74: 106-109, Jan. 1994.
Michaelis Jurgen
Trigg Timothy Elliot
Borin Michael
Peptide Technology Limited
Tsang Cecilia J.
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