Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Chemical modification of textiles or fibers or products thereof – Proteinaceous fibers
Patent
1994-06-20
1998-05-26
Diamond, Alan
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Chemical modification of textiles or fibers or products thereof
Proteinaceous fibers
81281, 8110, 8111, 8465, 8453, 8139, D06M 1150, D01C 300
Patent
active
057558272
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This is a 371 of PCT/GB92/02388 filed Dec. 23, 1992.
This invention relates to a method for the treatment of wool so as to impart shrink resistance, and which involves treating the wool simultaneously with permonosulphuric acid, a scouring or wetting agent and a fiber swelling or dispersing agent.
Many ways of rendering wool shrink resistant are known. These typically involve subjecting the wool to an oxidative treatment alone or, more commonly nowadays, followed by a polymer treatment.
Various two-step shrink-proofing processes in which wool is treated first with a chlorinating oxidative agent and subsequently with a pre-formed synthetic polymer have been developed. A wide variety of polymers can be used in aqueous solution or dispersion, including polyamide-epichlorohydrin resins and polyacrylates. A review of work in this field by J. Lewis appears in Wool Science Review, May 1978, pages 23-42. British Patent Nos. 1,074,731 and 1,340,859, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,926,154 and 2,961,347 and European Patent Application No. 0129322A, for example, describe two-step shrink-proofing processes and resins or polymers suitable for use therein.
A number of chlorinating oxidative treatments, or pre-treatments, for use on wool are well known. The source of chlorine may be chlorine gas supplied from cylinders, chlorinating agents such as hypochlorite and dichloroisocyanuric acid and their salts. For example, British Patent No. 569,730 describes a batch shrink-proofing treatment involving hypochlorite and potassium permanganate; British Patent No. 2,044,310 describes a treatment with an aqueous solution of permanganate and hypochlorite. In all cases the active principle remains the same.
Permonosulphuric acid and its salts have been known for some time to confer reasonable levels of shrink resistance to wool either when used alone, as disclosed in British Patent No. 1,084,716, or in combination with a chlorinating agent, as disclosed in British Patent No. 1,073,441. British Patent No. 738,407 describes a process for the manufacture of permonosulphuric acid from hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulphuric acid. The product is said to be suitable for use as a bleaching agent and various other purposes. British Patent Nos. 872,292 and 991,163 disclose processes for the shrink-proofing of wool which comprise treating the wool with permonosulphuric acid and a permanganate, or with an aqueous solution of permonosulphuric acid at a temperature in excess of 70.degree. C., respectively. British Patent No. 1,071,053 describes a treatment for imparting shrink resistance to wool which comprises first applying an aqueous solution of permonosulphuric acid, or a salt thereof, and subsequently treating the wool with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide. The teaching is limited to a sequential or two-step treatment and the level of shrink resistance achieved is, by today's standards, very low. British Patent No. 1,118,792 describes a shrink resist treatment which comprises treating the wool with permonosulphuric acid, a permanganate and dichloroisocyanuric acid or trichloroisocyanuric acid and, optionally, also with sulphurous acid or a salt thereof.
The oxidative treatment of garments using permonosulphuric acid proceeds at a much slower rate than when a chlorinating agent is used. Often the slowness of reaction is linked to a poorer result, and this is still the case even when great care has been taken to remove oil and other contaminants, prior to the shrink resist treatment, by performing multiple scouring operations on the wool using detergent.
The level of shrink resistance which can be attained using oxidative treatments of the above-mentioned kinds alone is, generally speaking, not sufficient to meet the exacting modern standards set for shrink resist performance. It is common practice with chlorine-based oxidative treatment processes, which do not in themselves generate the full shrink resistance for IWS TM31 5x5A wash performance, to apply a polymer to the wool to generate a further shrink resist effect capable of meeting the st
REFERENCES:
patent: 3839234 (1974-10-01), Roscoe
patent: 5087266 (1992-02-01), Connell et al.
Bamford Susan
Ellis John
Huddlestone Kenneth Michael
Diamond Alan
Precision Processes Textiles
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