Fabric (woven – knitted – or nonwoven textile or cloth – etc.) – Nonwoven fabric – Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have...
Patent
1998-11-24
2000-02-01
Zirker, Daniel
Fabric (woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.)
Nonwoven fabric
Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have...
442327, 525242, D06M 1400, D06M 1134
Patent
active
060202785
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for the production of high absorbent or superabsorbent hybrid fibres by ozoning of natural or synthetic fibres and subsequent graft polymerizing on the ozoned fibres and a product produced through the method.
PRIOR ART
It is known to modify the surface of a fibre so that it is provided with reactive groups and thereafter to bind monomers or polymers to these groups by so-called graft polymerization. In this way, the fibres may be given new and desirable properties of different kinds depending on the degree of change of the surface of fibre or its length and the kind and amount of the polymers which have been grafted thereon.
Two methods are especially known for modifying the fibre, namely irradiating with UV light or radioactive rays, especially gamma rays, electron rays (EB=electron beam) and the like, or oxidation of the surface with organic peroxides or ozone. The chemical theory for the creation of these reactive groups is well-known and is not further discussed here.
When modifying the surface, the polymer molecules are also cut to some extent and reactive groups are created on the surface. A great number of monomers of different kinds can therefore be bound to these reactive groups and the polymer molecules can also be coupled to each other again, optionally via some monomer or polymer.
An example of graft polymerization of synthetic fibres is disclosed in the Japanese patent publication 7 090 774 which describes graft polymerization by means of irradiation. After polymerization which is carried out with an acid group containing vinyl monomers, such as methacrylic acid, the fibre is treated with alkali and a hydrophilic compound. Good water absorption and excellent washing properties are thus obtained.
Another example of graft polymerization is disclosed in the Japanese patent publication 7 051 565 in which melt spun synthetic fibres are graft polymerized with epoxy groups containing monomers whereupon the fibres are reacted with triazine or a melamine compound and thereafter heat-treated under humid conditions. The activation of the fibre is brought about by radioactive irradiation, with an organic peroxide or ozone. These fibres obtain the property that they do not melt so easily.
A futher example of graft polymerization is disclosed in the Japanese patent publication 55 03 63 34 which describes graft polymerization of natural protein fibres such as wool and silk in which the modification of the fibre occurs by electron beams, peroxides, ozone or UV rays. The polymer which is used is a styrene derivate and the fibres are given better properties in relation to colouring, washing, pressing, flexibility, resistence against chemicals, etc without any negative influence on the inherent properties of the fibres.
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
It has long been a desire to improve the water absorption ability of natural or synthetic fibres so that they become highly absorbent or superabsorbent. Absorbent fibres, especially based on cellulose, are desirable and used in many different occasions, especially in napkins, incontinence protection, etc. Very high demands are made in the case of such use on the absorption ability and on the way in which the absorption is carried out, as well as on the product after the absorption has been carried out so that no feeling of wetness is observed. To increase the absorption ability and make it sufficient in such hygienic contexts, granules or powder have therefore been added to the cellulose mass, which granules or powder are superabsorbent, which means that they can absorb up to a hundred times their own weight of water. A problem with these superabsorbents is, however, that they firstly must be added in a separate step during the production, and secondly that they must be maintained in place in the finished product during use, which creates a great difficulty. It has therefore long been a desire to be able to avoid these added superabsorbents and instead make the absorbent fibre mass so highly absorbent that i
REFERENCES:
patent: 3656884 (1972-04-01), Okaya et al.
J.P. 7051565 Abst, Aug. 1993.
J.P. 7090774 Abst, Sep. 1993.
J.P. 55036334 Abst, Aug. 1978.
Munday John S.
Zirker Daniel
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