Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Composite – Of metal
Patent
1996-12-16
1999-05-04
Pianalto, Bernard
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Composite
Of metal
156 60, 427403, 4274071, 427409, 4274123, 428689, 428703, B32B 1504
Patent
active
059003219
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a method of producing a composite material In particular, it relates to a method of producing such composite materials for making structures and/or artifacts wherein a substrate is protected against corrosion and/or permeation of fluids by a surface cladding. It also relates to a method of producing such composite materials wherein one component is strengthened or reinforced by another component. The invention also relates to such composite materials, particularly when produced by means of said method.
According to the invention, there a provided a method of producing a composite material, the method comprising: material to surface activation thereof; and component selected from cementitious components and metal components, at the activated surface of the polyolefin component, the activation being by surface oxyfluorination activation by exposing the polyolefin component to an oxyfluorination gas mixture at a pressure of 1-500 kPa and at a temperature above 0.degree. C. and below the melting point of the polyolefin material of the poyolefin component.
By surface activation is meant that the surface of the polyolefin component is brought into contact with a fluid in a fashion whereby atoms, molecules and/or radicals derived from the fluid are incorporated into the surface of the polyolefin component.
The polyolefin component may act to protect the substrate component, the polyolefin component forming a surface cladding for the substrate component. The polyolefin surface cladding may protect the substrate component against corrosion. The polyolefin surface cladding may instead or in addition protect the substrate component against permeation of fluids, particular when the latter is cementitious.
The oxyfluorinating gas mixture may comprise at least 5% by volume of a fluorine-containing and at least 5% by volume of oxygen, the gas mixture being at a pressure of at least 5 kPa and at a temperature of at least 20.degree. C. Preferably said gas mixture comprises 5-20% by volume of the fluorine-containing gas and 5-95% by volume of the oxygen, the gas mixture being at a pressure of 5-150 kPa and at a temperature of 20-100.degree. C.
More particularly the surface activation may provide the activated polyolefin component surface with a surface tension at 20.degree. C. of at least 40 mN/m, the polyolefin material being selected from polyethylenes, polypropylenes, copolymers of ethylene and propylene and blends of such polyolefins, such as ethylene-propylene diene monomer elastomers. The polyolefins used include unmodified or modified polyolefins, eg those modified by containing ethyl vinyl acetate as an impact modifier.
Any suitable method can be used to oxyfluorinate the surface of the polyolefin component which is oxyfluorinated before it is adhesively secured to the cementitous or metal substrate component. Any suitable fluorinating process may be used for this purpose, suitably modified to provide for oxyfluorination, for example the fluorinating processes described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,647,613; 3,662,284; 3,865,615; 4,020,223; 4,081,574; 4,142,032; 4,296,151; 4,508,781; 4,536,266; 4,557,945; 4,764,405; and 4,869,059 as well as published European Patent Application EPO 21 4 635, and South African Patents Nos. 85/9500 and 87/8240, describe techniques which can be adapted for the oxyfluorination described hereunder.
By oxyfluorination is meant that the surface is provided with fluorine and oxygen substituents, eg on --CH.sub.2 and/or --CH.sub.3 groups forming part of the surface The fluorinating gas mixture may be fluorine itself (F.sub.2) it may be a fluorinated noble gas such as XeF.sub.2 ; or it may be a fluorohalogen such as CIF.sub.3 ; BrF.sub.5, IF.sub.7 or the like. The oxyfluorinating gas mixture will typically be one in which the fluorine-containing gas forms part of a mixture with one or more other gases, such as oxides of sulphur, oxides of nitrogen or oxides of carbon, halogens, interhalogens, nitrogen, oxygen or mixtures thereof, such as air, at least one of which other gases
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Boyazis Georges A. B .M. G.
Carstens Pieter A. B.
De Beer Jennifer A.
Pelindaba District Brits Atomic Energy Corp. of South Africa Lim
Pianalto Bernard
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