Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Antigen – epitope – or other immunospecific immunoeffector – Conjugate or complex
Patent
1993-07-08
1995-01-24
Rollins, John W.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector
Conjugate or complex
514468, A61K 3578, A61K 3134
Patent
active
053841212
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method for the extraction of sesquiterpene lactones from the plant Tanacetum parthenium specifically using polar organic solvents and the use of such extracts in pharmaceutical products.
The plant Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew), formerly called Chrysanthemum parthenium and also known as Midsummer Daisy, Featherfew, Featherfoil, Flitwort and Bachelor's Buttons, has a traditional reputation for treating a variety of conditions. Those claimed most regularly are migraine and arthritic conditions.
U.K. Patent No 2124486B describes an oil or non-polar solvent extraction of a spasmolytically active composition which comprises a sesquiterpene lactone-containing extract from the plant Tanacetum parthenium and its use in the treatment of migraine, asthmatic, bronchial or arthritic conditions.
Currently, the only preparations of feverfew commercially available are tablets or capsules containing dried, powdered or comminuted portions of the plant. These can be obtained through pharmacies and health shops as herbal medicines. However, these preparations vary in the part of the plant used and in the stated feverfew content.
A crude plant material will of course, contain many substances which are not of benefit for the treatment under consideration and which, in addition may have the potential to elicit side effects. Moreover, although the dose of crude material can be defined, this will probably not be equivalent to a uniform dose of the active material, whatever this active material may be.
Attempts have been made to identify the principle and principally active compound from feverfew. Bohlmann and Zdero (Sesquiterpene Lactones and other constitutents from Tanacetum parthenium, Phytochemistry 1982; 21: 2543-49) reported that following petrol extraction of aerial parts of the plant the major component identified was the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide. U.K. Patent No. 2124486B identifies parthenolide as the major component with spasmolytic activity. In 1986 Groenwegen et al (J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 1986; 38:709-712) reported their identification of the constituents of feverfew extracts in relation to their anti-secretory activity, where parthenolide represents 22% of the active material.
The above work has demonstrated that there is a preponderence of potentially active material found within the leaves of Tanacetum parthenium. In vitro pharmacological activity studies suggest that medicinal activity is shown by the compounds known as sesquiterpene lactones, particularly parthenolide.
It would therefore be of benefit to further investigate the identity of the active constituents of feverfew and to develop a pharmaceutically acceptable product which retains the medicinal activity of the feverfew plant but in a more refined form than is present in currently commercially available preparations.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for the preparation of a sesquiterpene lactone-containing extract of Tanacetum parthenium which comprises treating Tanacetum parthenium with a polar organic solvent.
The sesquiterpene lactone is derived from the plant Tanacetum parthenium by a process comprising contacting the plant tissue in a polar organic solvent for example acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ether, ethyl acetate, acetone or a mixture thereof. Ethanol is the preferred solvent, since it is the least toxic with regards to the residues being left in the final product.
Generally the mixture of plant tissue and polar organic solvent will be left to stand, thereby allowing the extraction to take place. Alternatively, the plant tissue may be exhaustively extracted with a polar organic solvent in a Soxhlet apparatus or the like. The plant tissue which is extracted in the method of the invention may be fresh, frozen or dried and may be in comminuted form. The extract is then generally separated from the plant tissue and the solvent removed from the solvent extract by conventional techniques. Following removal of the solvent the remaining primary extract may be further purifi
REFERENCES:
patent: 4758433 (1988-07-01), Johnson et al.
Banthorpe, et al. Chem. Abstracts 114, (1991) p. 412, No. 49417c "Parthenolide and other volatiles in the flowerheads of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz Bip.".
Hausen, et al. Chem. Abstracts 115, (1991) p. 534 No. 155015a "A simple method of isolating parthenolide from Tanacetum and other sensitizing plants".
Hausen, Bjorn Contact Dermatitis 24, (1991) pp. 153-155 "A simple method of isolating parthenolide from Tanacetum and other sensitizing plants".
Banthorpe, et al. Flavor and Fragrance Jour. 5, (1990) pp. 183-185 "Parthenolide and other volatiles in the flowerheads of Tanacetum parthenium " (L.) Schultz Bip.
Chem. Abst. 114(6): 49417c 1991.
Chem. Abst 114(15) 155015A; 1991.
Contact Dermattis 24 (2): 153-155, 1991.
Brunelle Jan P.
Dreger Walter H.
Lee Howard C.
Rhodes Technology
Rollins John W.
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