Multiplex communications – Pathfinding or routing – Switching a message which includes an address header
Patent
1993-06-24
1996-12-17
Olms, Douglas W.
Multiplex communications
Pathfinding or routing
Switching a message which includes an address header
H04L 1256
Patent
active
055861164
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method for transmitting messages in packet switching networks.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
In packet switching networks, a message is not transmitted between a transmitter and a receiver in that a permanent connection is established between the transmitter and the receiver via which information is transmitted between transmitter and receiver. Instead, the information is transmitted in the form of packets which consist of an address header and an actual message component possibly of variable length which independently seek out their path to the receiver through the network. For this purpose, at each network node there is a switching element which evaluates the address information of each packet and passes on the packet along a suitable path.
Such packet switching networks are used in various fields of communication and data technology, especially in the field of parallel-computer connection networks. With the aid of such packet switching networks, considerably more information can be transmitted with the same line capacity than in conventional networks in which between each transmitter and each receiver a line which is reserved for this transmitter-receiver pair has to be established. Especially in parallel-computer connection networks, this method is based on the highest possible network throughput since the computing power of a parallel-computer system depends in a sensitive manner on the network throughput of its connection network. In such packet switching networks, when the switching units are involved in corresponding activity blockages occur repeatedly and greatly reduce the network throughput. These blockages can be avoided by correspondingly increasing the number of outputs per switching element or by controlling the network centrally, which, however generally would lead to unacceptably high costs or would involve a central control of the network, which is not desired.
An output of a switching element is blocked if at any time two or more packets require the same output to continue their path. Except for one, all these packets must be buffered. This can take place either completely within the switching element in question or be distributed over several switching elements.
From the literature, distributed methods are known which are used to transmit messages in packet switching networks. The common feature of these methods is that precisely one output is associated with each transmission node of the network at each receiver address. With correspondingly high capacity utilization of a network in parallel-computer connection networks, considerable blockages can occur at individual outputs, during which blockages a large number of packets have to be buffered. As a result of these blockages and the reduction of the network throughput associated with these blockages, perceptible degradations in performance can occur in parallel-computer systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is based on the object of disclosing a method for routing messages in packet switching networks which avoids the described disadvantages of known methods and which is suitable for bringing about an increased network throughput in such networks. This object is achieved with the aid of a method for routing messages whereby of this switching element assigned to it, paths.
Advantageous developments of the method include providing that the of a group of outputs takes place in such a way that each destination address has a sub-set of all the destination addresses allocated to it and each of these sub-sets has a group of outputs assigned to it. Further, in method may include: it which is subdivided into address sub-intervals, subdivided into output sub-intervals and
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a parallel-computer network.
FIG. 2 shows a network node of the network in FIG. 1, which comprises a transputer with a switching element (router).
FIG. 3 shows the improvement in interval routing according to the invention .
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PR
REFERENCES:
patent: 4754451 (1988-06-01), Eng et al.
patent: 5179558 (1993-01-01), Thacker et al.
Hofestadt Holm
Reyzl Erwin
Thompson Peter
Inmos Limited
Olms Douglas W.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Ton Dang
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