Electricity: measuring and testing – Particle precession resonance – Using a nuclear resonance spectrometer system
Patent
1991-03-11
1993-12-28
Tokar, Michael J.
Electricity: measuring and testing
Particle precession resonance
Using a nuclear resonance spectrometer system
324300, G01R 3320
Patent
active
052743292
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method for recording nuclear resonance spectra and for spin resonance imaging of test samples having at least three groups of nuclei of the same kind, the first group being coupled to a second group, while a third group is uncoupled relative to the second group but has a chemical shift which is substantially identical only to that of the first group, the method comprising the step of suppressing the signal of the third group for the purpose of obtaining an isolated image of the signal of the first group.
Further, the invention relates to a method for recording nuclear resonance spectra of test samples having at least three groups of nuclei, a first group of the first kind of nuclei being coupled to a second group of a second kind of nuclei, while a third group of the first kind of nuclei is uncoupled relative to the second group, but has a chemical shift which is substantially identical only to that of the first group, the method comprising the step of suppressing the signal of the third group for the purpose of obtaining an isolated image of the signal of the first group.
Finally, the method relates generally to a method for recording spin resonance spectra of test samples having at least three groups of spins, the first group of them being coupled to a second group, while a third group is uncoupled relative to the second group but provides a signal having a spectral position substantially identical only to that of the first group, the method comprising the step of suppressing the signal of the third group for the purpose of obtaining an isolated image of the signal of the first group.
It has been known in practice in the field of spin resonance spectroscopy to "edit" spectra where signals of different groups of nuclei heterodyne one with the other. By "editing" one understands different recording techniques which allow to filter out individual signals from the heterodyning spectra. Usually, this is effected by carrying out series of several measurements using different measuring parameters, and eliminating thereafter the undesirable signal contents by subtraction.
Examples of such editing techniques for nuclear magnetic resonance applications have been described in the textbook entitled "Modern NMR Spectroscopy" by Sanders, Jeremy K. M. and Brian K. Hunter, Oxford University Press, 1987, pages 237 to 259. Other methods of this type are described by EP-OS 244 752 and EP-OS 166 559. In the case of these other known methods, uncoupled spins are suppressed by forming the difference between two measurements.
However, all of the techniques described above have the common disadvantage that for recording a single spectrum a plurality of measurements have to be performed successively in time, using different measuring parameters. While this presents no substantial problem to a laboratory in the case of durable chemical samples, considerable problems can result in cases where such nuclear magnetic resonance spectra are to be recorded on biological samples, i.e. on living tissue. This is true above all for in-vivo measurements to be carried out on patients where movement artefacts may lead to adulterations of the measured values.
In addition, subtracting measuring methods are connected with the fundamental drawback that the subtraction of high noise signal amplitudes may give rise to measuring errors which may be in the same range of magnitude as the useful signal.
According to other known methods, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra are recorded in a volume-selective way, i.e. only for a limited, geometrically defined area of a sample. This recording technique has gained particular importance in the fields of biological research and medicine. For, this recording technique enables, for example, a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum to be recorded for a given, defined point in an inner organ of a patient.
The technique of recording volume-selective nuclear magnetic resonance spectra has been known as such. Examples of this technique are found in the textbook entitled "Biomedical Mag
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Kimmich Rainer
Knuttel Alexander
Bruker Medizintechnik GmbH
Hamrick Claude A. S.
Mah Raymond Y.
Tokar Michael J.
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