Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Reexamination Certificate
2001-04-09
2003-02-04
Yoon, Tae H. (Department: 1714)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
C524S602000, C525S397000, C528S289000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06515044
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of high-viscosity polyesters with a reduced content of acid end groups, in which a masterbatch is prepared from low-viscosity polyesters and oxazolines, this is then mixed with a higher-viscosity polyester and this mixture (dry blend) is further processed.
Polyesters with masked carboxyl end groups are already known. Various compounds which react with carboxyl groups are employed here for masking the carboxyl end groups.
It is thus known that polyesters which have free carboxyl end groups can react with oxazolines, the ring being opened (U.S. Pat. No. 4,351,936, DE-A 42 25 627). For example, &Dgr;
2
-oxazolines substituted in the 2-position react with carboxyl groups to give ester-amides of aminoethanol (Chem. Rev. 71, 483-505, 1971 and Angew. Chem. 78, 913-927, 1966).
Another method of masking carboxyl groups comprises reacting polyesters which have free carboxyl end groups with epoxides, ester groups being formed from the carboxyl groups (BP 1 139 379). It is furthermore known to mask carboxyl groups by reaction with carbodiimides (U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,193,522, 3,193,523, 3,835,098). Monoacylated ureas are first formed here from the carboxyl groups, and these stabilize by further rearrangements. A serious disadvantage of the two methods mentioned last is the relatively high toxicity of the masking reagents and of the rearrangement and cleavage products formed, which necessitates observance of particular safety precautions when carrying out the masking reaction.
It is also known to mask carboxyl end groups of polyesters by reaction with polycarbonates (U.S. Pat. No. 3,563,847, EP 0 486 916 B1). In this case polycarbonate units are bonded to the polyester molecule via ester groups.
The aim of the masking reactions is a reduction in the number of free carboxyl groups of the polyester. Polyesters with a reduced number of carboxyl end groups show a significantly improved stability towards hydrolysis. Polyesters with a reduced content of acid end groups furthermore also show a better heat stability and resistance to chemicals under mechanical stress. The use of multifunctional masking reagents can lead to an increase in the molecular weight of the polyester.
The following processes e.g. are known for masking carboxyl end groups with oxazolines:
1. The masking reagent is added during the preparation of the polyester resin, after the desired molecular weight has been reached at the end of the melt polycondensation reaction.
2. The masking reagent is mixed with the polyester granules and is incorporated into the polyester by a subsequent compounding step.
A disadvantage of the processes mentioned is that they are suitable only for stabilizing low-viscosity polyesters with low degrees of condensation. For technical and kinetic reasons, high-viscosity polyesters with high degrees of polymerization (high molecular weights) are usually prepared by after-condensation in the solid phase from a low-viscosity polyester base resin. Further processing steps which are accompanied by melting of the polyester lead to a molecular weight degradation in polyesters obtained by after-condensation, and therefore to a deterioration in the mechanical and physical properties.
Another disadvantage of the process described in which an oxazoline masking reagent is incorporated into the polyester by compounding is the unsatisfactory reactivity of oxazolines, and here in particular of phenyl-substituted oxazolines, in order to effect an adequate reduction of the carboxyl end group content in the period of time typical for a compounding step.
A process has now been found for the preparation of high-viscosity polyester resins with a reduced content of carboxyl end groups and improved stability to hydrolysis without degradation of the molecular weight. The polyesters according to the invention furthermore also have a better heat stability and resistance to chemicals under mechanical stress.
One advantage of the process according to the invention is that no additional melting step on the high-viscosity polyester, which would lead to damage to the polyester, is required for incorporation of the oxazoline into the high-viscosity polyester. At the same time, by two processing steps in the melt a sufficiently long reaction time for masking the carboxyl end groups is provided for the masking reagent (oxazoline). Another advantage of the process according to the invention is that when multifunctional oxazolines are employed, a build up in the molecular weight of the high-viscosity polyesters is found.
The invention thus provides a process for the preparation of high-viscosity polyesters, which is characterized in that a masterbatch of a low-viscosity polyester and an oxazoline compound is mixed with a higher-viscosity polyester to form a dry blend and the dry blend is then further processed. Dry blend is understood here as meaning a physical mixture of solid thermoplastics (granules or powder).
The masterbatch of low-viscosity polyester and oxazoline compound is prepared by mixing the individual components and then compounding the mixture. The mixing of the individual components is conventionally carried out in the temperature range between 0 to 50° C. (preferably room temperature). The compounding operation is in general carried out at temperatures of 170 to 380° C., preferably 200 to 220° C.
The mixing of the higher-viscosity polyester with the masterbatch of low-viscosity polyester and oxazoline to form a dry blend can be carried out both at temperatures below and at those above room temperature. Temperatures in the range between 0 to 50° C. are possible. The mixing is preferably carried out at room temperature. One advantage of this mixture (dry blend) is that it is stable towards demixing.
The further processing of the mixture (dry blend) of higher-viscosity polyester and masterbatch is carried out by conventional methods, for example by compounding, extrusion, blow moulding, extrusion blow moulding, injection moulding, kneading or calendering, in general at temperatures of 200 to 300° C., the temperature range being adapted to the particular processing technique.
Further processing of the mixture (dry blend) can be carried out to give granules, semi-finished products (e.g. films, cable sheathings, sheets, profiles, pipes) or mouldings of all types.
The relative solution viscosities of the higher- and low-viscosity polyesters are chosen such that the difference in the relative solution viscosities of the higher- and low-viscosity polyester is at least 0.05, preferably at least 0.1, in particular at least 0.15.
The effect according to the invention also occurs with significantly greater viscosity differences. A difference in &eegr;
re1
of 0.7 may be mentioned by way of example.
The low-viscosity polyesters in general have a relative solution viscosity (&eegr;
re1
) of less than 1.90, preferably less than 1.75.
The higher-viscosity polyesters in general have a relative solution viscosity of greater than 1.50, preferably greater than 1.75.
The relative solution viscosity (&eegr;
re1
) is determined on 5 g polymer per liter in phenol/ortho-dichlorobenzene (1:1 parts by wt.) at a temperature of 25° C.
The content of oxazoline compound in the masterbatch is in general 5 to 60 wt. %, preferably 10 to 40 wt. % (based on the masterbatch).
The content of oxazoline compound in the high-viscosity polyester after processing of the dry blend is in general 0.02 to 10, preferably 0.05 to 5, in particular 0.1 to 2 wt. %, based on the polyester and masterbatch.
One or a mixture of oxazoline compounds can be added.
Possible oxazoline compounds are, for example, those mentioned in DE-A 4 129 980, DE-A 42 25 627 and WO 96/11 978. The disclosure of these patent applications is therefore counted with the disclosure of the present invention in this respect.
The oxazolines described in WO 96/11 978, page 14, last paragraph to page 17, bottom, and DE-A 41 29 980, page 5, lines 20 to 66 are preferably employed.
Oxazolines which are particularly preferred are the tautomeric forms of
Dietrich Hans-Jürgen
Idel Karsten-Josef
Möller Matthias
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Gil Joseph C.
Preis Aron
Yoon Tae H.
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