Compositions: coating or plastic – Coating or plastic compositions – Inorganic settable ingredient containing
Patent
1988-09-16
1990-11-06
Chaudhuri, Olik
Compositions: coating or plastic
Coating or plastic compositions
Inorganic settable ingredient containing
106708, 106709, 106726, 106731, 106729, 106790, 366169, C04B 2802
Patent
active
049683497
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for producing hardened cement mineral material, especially concrete.
In accordance with the proposed method of the present invention, a hydraulically setting binding agent is used, such as portland cement or iron furnace or blast furnace slag, and the binding agent is mixed with water, and when desired, filler material, in order to produce a hardened material.
The invention also concerns an apparatus for hydrating a rapid hardening binding agent used in the production of a cement mineral material, especially concrete or mortar.
2. Description of Related Art
As known in the art, building technology today is based mainly on the use of a material called concrete, while different kinds of mortars and trowelling materials based on the same types of binding agents are in use. Concrete, as well as the abovementioned mortars and trowelling materials, are materials in which stone aggregates and/or sand are bonded together with a binding agent. The reinforcement of these materials is usually based on the use of steel rods or cables.
The aforementioned binding agent is most generally produced by a firing method at a high temperature, where compounds capable of re-reacting with water and recrystallizing into a new compound containing water are formed. The concrete mix or the aforementioned mortar can then be produced by mixing the binding agent and the filler material to be bonded using water, casting, and allowing to set. A defined period of time is required for the hydration and recrystallization process.
Concrete mixes produced of currently available construction cements typically achieve their normal strength in about 28 days.
It has become customary to fabricate structural elements from the aforementioned concrete and steels because the characteristics of said concrete, such as its high pH level resulting from the lime released in the hydration process, protect steel-reinforced parts from corrosion over an extended period of time. During the setting of a typical modern concrete, a relatively high amount of heat is developed in the hydration process and the subsequent crystallization process. Thus, the major portion of heat developed is released during the aforementioned hydration process, and a minor portion released later, during the crystallization process. The strength of the concrete matrix is only developed during the subsequent crystallization process when the crystalline needles grow, initiating from the different particles, progressively approaching each other and finally coalescing.
The production method of concrete in the art is recognized as incorporating the following disdvantages of a fundamental nature: the crystallization process, development, applicable reinforcement materials, require a high pH, can be used, the fine-ground cement, stone and sand aggregates are mixed together with water because water will be used in excess and no "padding" components are present, and stresses.
Furthermore, today's cement requires strictly defined raw materials. Typical examples of practical limitations associated with the use of limes containing magnesium, are the formation of periclase phase, as well as the swelling and cracking of concrete at a later stage.
As is commonly known in the art, the binding agent particles are hydrated by the effect of water during the preparation of mixes consisting of a binding agent, water, and stone aggregates. Starting from the surface of binding agent particles, the hydration process proceeds by gel formation and therefrom towards elementary crystals, which grow by lengthening and coalescence with the gels of other binding agent particles. Thus, a network of crystals is formed which binds the material. Through this process the material is stiffened, strengthened, and developed to final strength as the crystals grow in size.
In conventional cement and concrete technology, hydration leads to the formation of calcium silicate gel and its subsequent crystallization both of which process
REFERENCES:
patent: 2592709 (1952-04-01), Kinnaird
patent: 2783157 (1957-02-01), Grant et al.
patent: 3619221 (1971-11-01), Kossivas
patent: 4676832 (1987-06-01), Childs et al.
Chaudhuri Olik
Griffis Andrew
Kautar Oy
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