Chemistry of carbon compounds – Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds – C-metal
Patent
1974-07-08
1976-09-21
Horwitz, D.
Chemistry of carbon compounds
Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds
C-metal
C07C 1716
Patent
active
039819388
ABSTRACT:
A method for producing alkyl halides by reacting the corresponding alkanol with at least 10% molar excess of hydrogen halide at a temperature of at least 50.degree.C. and under sufficient pressure to maintain the reactants dissolved in the liquid water of reaction (but insufficiently high to maintain the alkyl halide reaction product in the aqueous reaction mixture). The heat of reaction causes the alkyl halide to vaporize from the reaction zone along with the excess hydrogen halide. The resulting vapors are delivered to a packed tower where they are contacted with a stream of liquid reflux alkyl halide saturated with the hydrogen halide. The liquid reflux stream is obtained by condensing a portion of the gaseous or vaporous effluent from the tower. The gases or vapors from the reactor are dried by the reflux. In addition to drying the alkyl halide vapors, the tower provides an environment in which the by-product ether of the alkanol hydrochlorination is disassociated into alkyl halide and water. The aqueous acid solution may be concentrated and returned to the reaction zone. The dried alkyl halide and anhydrous hydrogen halide from the tower are sent to a still wherein the hydrogen halide is removed and returned to the reactor and the dry, substantially hydrogen halide-free alkyl halide is removed as product. The volume of aqueous reaction mixture is maintained constant or substantially so by withdrawing a portion intermittently or continuously and subjecting said withdrawn portion mixture to distillation under substantially reaction pressure, releasing the dissolved hydrogen halide and alkyl halide for delivery to the tower for drying and thereby producing a constant boiling hydrohalic acid.
The process provides a substantially pollution free process for making alkyl halides wherein the only materials exiting from the system are the alkyl halide and either water or a constant boiling hydrogen halide aqueous acid solution suitable for use in other processes.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2007322 (1935-07-01), Aickelin et al.
patent: 2153170 (1939-04-01), Buc et al.
Hanak Fredric M.
Nino Guillermo J.
Panzarella John E.
Steele John M.
Baker Glwynn R.
Horwitz D.
The Dow Chemical Company
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