Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Ion exchange or selective sorption
Patent
1997-07-21
1999-11-30
Wyse, Thomas G.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Ion exchange or selective sorption
427255, 4274432, 436 57, 436 82, 502402, 502407, 502439, 502509, 50252715, G21F 912, C02F 142
Patent
active
059936649
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention refers to a method for producing a material for heavy metal absorption or for analytically detecting heavy metals, especially uranium and radium.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Among those skilled in the art, it is known that woollen threads, or non-woven filter fabrics, dyed with potassium permanganate, or layers of various materials absorb radium. The absorption behaviour depends to a decisive extent on the material used. This property was already described by Mrs. Marie Curie in connection with the production of her radium preparations.
The knowledge of the actual interaction between the heavy metals and the organic complexing agents after the permanganate treatment has not yet been fully clarified up to now.
Attempts to enrich uranium in a similar manner are also known from the prior art.
An effective enrichment and storage of heavy metals that are highly detrimental to the environment and of other heavy metals in one layer have not been known up to now.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore a major object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a material for heavy metal absorption or for analytically detecting heavy metals, which permits the material to absorb and store heavy metals with high efficiency.
This object is achieved by a method for producing a material for heavy metal absorption or for analytically detecting heavy metals, especially uranium and radium, comprising the steps of: a polymer; solution; and
The present invention is based on the finding that a formation of manganese and iron penetration complexes takes place, when the material, which contains nitrogen that is organically bonded in a polymer, is treated in the manner described hereinbefore. Together with the nitrogen-functional groups of the polymers used (nitrile and amido groups, respectively), these manganese and iron penetration complexes bind uranium or radium with high efficiency.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for analytically detecting heavy metals and heavy metal isotopes in a sample liquid is provided, said method using the material produced in accordance with the present invention and comprising the following method steps: of time, said sample liquid having a predetermined pH range and temperature range; absorbed from the sample liquid and stored.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, a method for cleaning contaminated liquids is provided, said method using the material produced in accordance with the present invention and comprising the following method steps: predetermined temperature so as to make the chemical reaction take place;
One advantage of this method is that surfaces consisting of specially produced polymers as well as those consisting of recycling material or polymer waste material are suitable for this method.
It follows that large amounts of special solid waste of the polymers polyacryl, polyamide and polyurethane, which are deposited on waste dumps and the hydrolysis of which results in the formation of dangereous substances, can be utilized in a useful manner; this is an important contribution to environmental protection and to the disposal of detrimental waste material.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
A more detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention follows hereinbelow.
Prior to describing special embodiments in the case of which the material according to the present invention is used in various applications, the production of this material as well as the properties thereof will be described in the following.
After providing a material containing nitrogen which is organically bonded in a polymer, this material is first treated with potassium permanganate in an alkaline/basic solution and subsequently with iron(II) hydroxide again in an alkaline solution. The material used at the beginning can, for example, be acrylonitrile or polyamide.
For demonstrating the effect of the material which has been produced in the manner described here
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Grundke Wolfram
Just Gunther
Streil Thomas
Streil Thomas
Wyse Thomas G.
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