Multiplex communications – Wide area network – Packet switching
Patent
1994-02-15
1995-06-06
Olms, Douglas W.
Multiplex communications
Wide area network
Packet switching
370 60, H04J 324
Patent
active
054228883
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In information-switching systems, for example packet-switching systems, at various points, for example switching computers, servers, etc., it is necessary to time-interlace or to multiplex the cell streams intended for a plurality of receivers onto a single transmission line. The cells are transported on the transmission line and subsequently split into cell streams intended for individual receivers again at distribution nodes. The following peripheral conditions exist here for the multiplexing:
The receivers frequently have different receiving data rates. Since the data rate on the transmission line is constant however, the different receiving data rates must already be taken into account during the multiplexing of the cell streams in the form of time intervals of different length between two cells intended for the same receiver.
The multiplexing must be carried out under real-time conditions.
It should be possible to perform the multiplexing even in the case of over-reservations. Although over-reservations are only seldom used at present, it is to be expected that over-reservations will be unavoidable in the near future. A multiplexing method which adjusts dynamically to the respective active transmitter/receiver configuration will then be required in such a situation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The problem on which the invention is based is to disclose a method which fulfills the requirements stated above. The problem is solved in accordance with the method of the present invention for multiplexing cells intended for a plurality of receivers onto a transmission line connected to the receivers, wherein a cyclical time table is generated which is divided into output times at which cells can be transmitted, and wherein the transmission times for cells of the receivers are distributed to the output times of the time table in accordance with their data rate.
The terms used below are intended to have the following meaning: example routing address, and a payload section. The cells are also referred to as information cells to better distinguish them from empty cells. information intended for a receiver. The state where no information is to be transmitted is represented by empty cells. and empty cells. network). Packets can be of variable length on LANs. sizes in packet-switching networks with fixed-length cells, at the transmitting LAN they are divided into a corresponding number of cells, provided with the address of the receiver in each case, and transmitted. ATM networks, in which data is transmitted in the form of a cell stream, the transmission rate is however constant. The receiving or transmitting rate of a LAN does not refer to the transmission rate of the ATM network, but to the time-averaged rate resulting from the arrival times of cells for the same LAN. In order to obtain a lower data rate than the ATM network transmission rate, it is thus necessary to insert a corresponding number of empty cells between two information cells for the same LAN. the sum of the data rates of all transmitters or all receivers can exceed the maximum transmission rate of the ATM network. This is based on the idea that it is only relatively seldom that all the transmitters logged on will actually be transmitting something. The capacity of the transmission line can thus be better utilized by means of over-reservation.
By virtue of the method according to the invention, therefore, a plurality of concurrently arriving cell streams are interlaced or multiplexed under real-time conditions onto a single transmission line in such a way that, while maintaining defined minimum time intervals between the cells intended for the same receiver, an optimally favorable capacity utilization of the transmission line and also an optimally low storage requirement for buffering the individual cell streams are achieved.
The cyclical time table employed here has a basic cycle which is defined by the receiver having the lowest data rate. All other receivers having a higher data rate are then allocated to the output
REFERENCES:
patent: 4742513 (1988-05-01), Reichard, Jr. et al.
patent: 5132966 (1992-07-01), Hayano et al.
patent: 5187707 (1993-02-01), Chu et al.
Olms Douglas W.
Patel Ajit
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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