Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Sulfur or compound thereof – Oxygen containing
Reexamination Certificate
1998-05-13
2001-09-11
Bos, Steven (Department: 1754)
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Sulfur or compound thereof
Oxygen containing
C423S532000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06287534
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a method for accelerating chemical reactions by high time rates of temperature change, and more particularly, to a method for employing rapid temperature change in one direction to accelerate the oxidation of polyatomic molecules.
2. Background of the Invention
The conversion of polyatomic molecules to their respective oxidized or reduced species has been achieved via a variety of methods. It is well known, for example, that temperature increases often speed up the reaction rates of many systems. The cracking of crude oil to yield lower weight fractions is a well known process. The use of catalysts, combined to a lesser degree with a temperature increase, to reduce or oxidize certain polyatomic molecules, is also widespread.
The drawbacks to these conversion methods are numerous. The problems associated with crude oil cracking, for example, include high capital costs and lengthy reaction rates with a concomitantly low yield of desired product. Catalyst use is also expensive, mainly due to catalyst regeneration and replacement costs, said catalysts often comprised of rare metals such as platinum, rhodium and palladium.
Another method for the oxidation of polyatomic gas molecules is taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,084,258, issued to the applicant, wherein hot surfaces such as plates and duct work speed up conversion rates. However, optimum efficiencies still remain elusive particularly as heated surfaces are not 100 percent conductive.
Furthermore, none of the currently used methods of conversion address those reaction systems whereby a temperature decrease effects an increase in product yield.
A need exists in the art to provide a rapid, efficient, and therefore economical method to convert polyatomic species to desired compounds. Such a method would effect a nearly complete conversion without the expensive use of catalysts, lengthy cracking procedures, or inefficient temperature conduction systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for overcoming many of the disadvantages of the approaches or methods of the prior art.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for converting polyatomic chemical species. A feature of the invention is the use of a high time rate of temperature change in the process. An advantage of the invention is the nearly complete conversion of polyatomic species to desired compounds.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method to accelerate gaseous chemical reaction rates. A feature of the invention is subjecting reactants to abrupt and wide temperature ranges in a short period of time to cause conversions. An advantage of the invention is the elimination of the need for expensive catalysts, cracking processes or inefficient radiating heated surfaces.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method to accelerate the rates of certain gaseous chemical reactions. A feature of the invention is subjecting reactants to abrupt decreases in temperature. An advantage of the invention is facilitating those reactions that require decreases in temperature in order to proceed to desired product.
Briefly, the invention provides a method for accelerating the rate of chemical reactions comprising supplying a stream of gas containing a first type of polyatomic molecule and a second type of polyatomic molecule, subjecting the stream of gas to a high time rate of temperature increase so as to convert the first type of polyatomic molecule, separating the now converted first type of polyatomic molecule from the stream of gas; and subjecting the second type of polyatomic molecule to a high time rate of temperature decrease to convert the second type of polyatomic molecule.
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“Handbook of Chemistry and Physics” Edited by Hodgman et al.. Published by The Chemical Rubber Pub. Co. Cleveland Ohio U.S.A.. 43rd Edition, Apr. 1962. pp. 664-665.
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Baker & Daniels
Bos Steven
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