Chemistry: fertilizers – Processes and products – Bacterial
Patent
1991-06-25
1995-03-28
Lander, Ferris
Chemistry: fertilizers
Processes and products
Bacterial
71 12, 71 21, 71 23, 71901, 71 6404, C05F 904, C05F 300, C05F 1500
Patent
active
054012910
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing organic fertilizers by artificial treatment of livestock excrement, such as chicken-, cattle- manures with cellulose-containing organic materials such as grasses, hulls, straws, wood- chips, etc. into organic fertilizers within a short time, and a device for performing said method.
BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
An enormous quantity of excrement exhausted from the large-scale livestock industry is left as such due to lack of appropriate treating methods, and environmental pollution caused by bad odor and discharge thereof without treatment have created a social problem.
In general, it requires 5-6 months to compost excrements of chicken, cattle, swine, etc., and cellulose-containing coarse organic materials used as beds thereof, such as grasses, straws, hulls, woodchips, etc. by leaving them as such in nature. This is very inefficient and generates bad odors during that period. It has also been difficult to obtain evenly-fermented compost of good quality because of unevenness in fermentation between the surface and interior parts.
The present invention has been accomplished focusing on the above points. The first purpose is to present a method for manufacturing composts of good quality within a short time. And a second purpose is to present a device which is suitable to perform the above method.
DISCLOSURE OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The first purpose of the present invention, shown above, can be achieved by adjusting moisture content of raw materials containing livestock excrement and cellulose-containing organic materials used as beds thereof, such as grasses, straws, hulls, wood chips, etc. to 25-75%, elevating temperature of this mixture to 40.degree.-90.degree. C. by cutting and kneading under mechanical pressure, followed by pulverizing this with exposure to air by releasing this suddenly into decreased atmospheric pressure.
In order to ensure accelerated fermentation, a better result is obtained by adjusting pH thereof with a pH-adjusting agent in order that pH value during the fermentation process should be in a range of pH 6-9, as well as adjusting moisture content of a mixture of livestock excrements and cellulose-containing organic materials, such as grasses, straws, hulls, woodchips, etc. , to 25-75%, and this pH-adjusted mixture is cut and kneaded under elevated pressure and temperature thereof is increased to 40.degree.-90.degree. C. by compression and friction caused by kneading, then the treated mixture is released from the compressed state with exposure to air. Where, moisture adjustment is successfully performed by the addition of a resultant dry fertilizer of the present invention.
The second purpose of the present invention can be accomplished using a device composed by connecting the front end of a cylindrical primary treatment tank having a hopper for feeding raw materials, through an open/close gate, to the rear end of a cylindrical secondary treatment tank which is equipped with an out-put opening at the front end, where the primary treatment tank is equipped with a screw conveyor for compression and transportation and a system for cutting and kneading inside, and the secondary treatment tank is equipped with rotary blades for crushing, and at the rear end thereof, is equipped with a ventilator.
The screw conveying system is preferably to be composed of a main compressing screw which conveys raw materials toward the open/close gate, and an auxiliary compressing screw for conveying the raw materials into reverse direction.
The cutting/kneading system can be composed of rotary blades on a rotary shaft and fixed blades projecting to the inside of the primary treatment tank corresponding to the rotary blades, where, the projection length of the fixed blades is preferably to be adjustable.
In the method of the present invention, the temperature of raw materials is elevated to 40.degree.-90.degree. C. by means of mechanical compression and kneading, accodingly, microorganisms are activat
REFERENCES:
patent: 4201128 (1980-05-01), Whitehead et al.
patent: 4786308 (1988-11-01), Colling
patent: 5169782 (1991-02-01), Murphy
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