Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Oxygen or compound thereof – Metal containing
Patent
1998-05-21
1999-09-21
Straub, Gary P.
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Oxygen or compound thereof
Metal containing
423596, 423605, 429218, 429224, C01G 3714, C01G 4512, C01G 4502, H01M 450
Patent
active
059550520
ABSTRACT:
The invention is a process which provides a high purity lithiated manganese oxide (Li.sub.1+x Mn.sub.2-y O.sub.4) from chemically made MnO.sub.2. The lithiated manganese oxide has an especially effective utility for use as a cathodic material in rechargeable batteries. The process of the invention includes blending a lithium compound with a chemically made manganese dioxide to form a manganese dioxide/lithium compound blend. The lithium compound in the blend is at least about one mole of lithium for every mole of manganese dioxide. The manganese dioxide and lithium compound in the blend are reacted to provide an ion replaced product where lithium ions have replaced sodium and potassium ions in the MnO.sub.2 to form an ion replaced product. Thereafter, the ion replaced product is heated or calcined to provide the lithiated manganese oxide.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4246253 (1981-01-01), Hunter
patent: 4312930 (1982-01-01), Hunter
patent: 4590059 (1986-05-01), Mellors
patent: 4975346 (1990-12-01), Lecerf et al.
patent: 4980251 (1990-12-01), Thackeray et al.
patent: 5135732 (1992-08-01), Barboux et al.
patent: 5153081 (1992-10-01), Thackeray et al.
patent: 5211933 (1993-05-01), Barboux et al.
patent: 5478672 (1995-12-01), Mitate
patent: 5561006 (1996-10-01), Lecerf et al.
patent: 5604057 (1997-02-01), Nazri
patent: 5605773 (1997-02-01), Ellgen
patent: 5702679 (1997-12-01), Sheargold et al.
patent: 5753202 (1998-05-01), Wang et al.
patent: 5759510 (1998-06-01), Pillai
patent: 5766569 (1998-06-01), Ellgen et al.
Thomas et al., "Synthesis and Structural Characterization of the Normal (1985).
Tsang et al., "A New Route for the Synthesis of LiMN.sub.2 O.sub.4 Cathode: Variation of Composition, Microstructure, and Electrochemical Behavior with Synthesis Temperature," Solid State Ionics 89 (1996) 305-312.
Whittingham, "The Role of Ternary Phases in Cathode Reactions," J. Electrochem. Soc., 123, 315 (1976).
Zachau-Christiansen, et al., "Insertion of Lithium into the Manganese Dioxides: Pyrolusite and Ramsdellite", Solid State Ionics 70/71 (1994) pp. 401-406.
Abraham, et al., "Lithiated Manganese Oxide Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries", IEEE, (1996), pp. 317-323.
Bach, et al., Sol-Gel Synthesis of Manganese Oxides, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 88, pp. 325-333, (1990).
Bach, et al., "Synthesis and Characterization of Lamellar MnO.sub.2 Obtained from Thermal Decomposition of NaMnO.sub.4 for Rechargeable Lithium Cells", Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 120, pp. 70-73 (1995).
Chen et al., "Cathodic Behavior of Alkali Manganese Oxides from Permanganate," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 144, No. 4, Apr. 1997.
d'Yvoire et al., "Phase Transitions and Ionic Conduction in 3D Skeleton Phosphates," Solid State Ionics 9 & 10 (1983) 851-858.
Furukawa, et al., "Manganese Oxides for Lithium Secondary Battery", Proc. Electrochem. Soc., 88-6, pp. 557-564, (1988).
Goodenough et al., "Lithium Insertion/Extraction Reactions with Manganese Oxides," Rev. Chim. Miner., 21, 435 (1984).
Gummow et al., "Improved Capacity Retention in Rechargeable 4V Lithium/Lithium-Manganese Oxide (Spinel) Cells," Solid State Ionics, 69, 59-67 (1994).
Guyomard et al., "Li Metal-Free Rechargeable LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 /Carbon Cells: Their Understanding and Optimization," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 139, No. 4, Apr. 1992.
Kelder, et al., Bulk Syntheses and Electrochemical Properties of Submicron Powders of Li.sub.x Mn.sub.2 O.sub.4, pp. 114-117.
Li, et al., "Secondary Li Cells", Solid State Ionics 47 (1991), pp. 231-240.
Li, et al., "Lithium Intercalation from Aqueous Solutions", J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 141, No. 9, Sep. 1994, pp. 2310-2316.
Manev, et al., "Synthesis of LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 for Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Battery", Log Batteries, Battery Mater., vol. 14, (1995), pp. 101-124.
Masquelier et al., "Chemical and Magnetic Characterization of Spinel Materials in the LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 -Li.sub.2 Mn.sub.4 O.sub.9 -Li.sub.4 Mn.sub.5 O.sub.12 System," J. Solid State Chem. 123, 255-266 (1996).
Mizushima et al., "A New Cathode Material for Batteries of High Energy Density," Mat. Res. Bull., vol. 15, 783 (1980).
Momchilov, et al., "Rechargeable Lithium Battery with Spinal-Related MnO.sub.2 ", Journal of Power Sources, 41 (1993) pp. 305-314.
Nalbandyan et al., "New Modification of Lithium Monoferrite and the Morphotropic Series AFeO.sub.2, " Russian J. of Inogranic Chem, 32(3), 1987.
Nohma, et al., "Li/MnO.sub.2 (CDMO) Rechargeable Batteries", Proc. Electrochem. Soc., 91-3, pp. 311-317 (1991).
Nohma, et al., "Commercial Cells Based on MnO.sub.2 and MnO.sub.2 -Related Cathodes", Chapter 11, Ind. Chem. Libr., 5(Lithium Batteries) pp. 417-456, (1994).
Ohzuku et al., "Electrochemistry of Manganese Dioxide in Lithium Non-aqueous Cell," J. Electrochemm. Soc., vol. 137, No. 3, Mar. 1990.
Pereira-Ramos, J.P., "Electrochemical Properties of Cathodic Materials Synthesized by Low-Temperature Techniques", Journal of Power Sources, 54 (1995) pp. 120-126.
Pistoia, et al., "Synthesis of Mn Spinels from Different Polymorphs of MnO.sub.2 ", Journal of Power Sources, 56 (1995) pp. 37-43.
Rossouw, et al., "Alpha Manganese Dioxide for Lithium Batteries: A Structural and Electrochemical Study", Matt. Res. Bull., vol. 27, pp. 221-230, (1992).
Tarascon, et al., "Synthesis Conditions and Oxygen Stoichiometry Effects on Li Insertion into the Spinel LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 ", J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 141, No. 6, Jun., 1994, pp. 1421-1431.
Tarascon et al., "The Li.sub.1+x Mn.sub.2 O.sub.4 /C Rocking-Chair System: A Review," Electrochimica Acta., vol. 38, No. 9, pp. 1221-1231, 1993.
Tarascon et al., "The Spinel Phase of LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 as a Cathode in Secondary Lithium Cells," Electrochem. Soc., vol. 138, No. 10, Oct. 1991.
Thackeray, M.M., "Developments in Li-Mn-O Electrode Technology for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries", Progress in Batteries & Battery Materials, vol. 11 (1992) IBA Sydney (Australia) Meeting, pp. 150-157.
Thackeray, et al., "Ramsdellite-MnO.sub.2 for Lithium Batteries: The Ramsdellite to Spinel Transformation", Electrochimica Acta, vol. 38, No. 9, pp. 1259-1267, (1993).
Thackeray et al., "Structural Characterization of the Lithiated Iron Oxides Li.sub.x Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 and Li.sub.x Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 (O<.times.<2)," Mat. Res. Bull., vol. 17, pp. 785-793 (1982).
Thackeray, "Structural Considerations of Layered and Spinel Lithiated Oxides for Lithium Ion Batteries," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 142, No. 8, Aug. 1995.
Padhi Akshaya Kumar
Pillai G. Chithambarathanu
Carus Corporation
Nguyen Cam N.
Straub Gary P.
LandOfFree
Method for making lithiated manganese oxide does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Method for making lithiated manganese oxide, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method for making lithiated manganese oxide will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-77339