Data processing: measuring – calibrating – or testing – Measurement system in a specific environment – Earth science
Patent
1998-01-23
2000-02-29
McElheny, Jr., Donald E.
Data processing: measuring, calibrating, or testing
Measurement system in a specific environment
Earth science
G06F 1900
Patent
active
060321032
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
NOT APPLICABLE
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED
RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
NOT APPLICABLE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention is about a procedure to localize and identify anomalies of a medium like the ones found during seismic campaigns.
2. Description of the Related Art
The image of a seismic area is generally shown as one or many two-dimensional seismic section, referred to as seismic 2D, defined by axis x and t, or by three-dimensional seismic sections, referred to as seismic 3D, defined by axis x, y and t or z, where t is time and z is depth.
In a seismic block, a seismic event is found partly by one or many shot points and from the receivers associated with the shot point, defined by their coordinates at axis x and y, and partly by the time t it takes to go from the shot point to the corresponding receiver or the depth z where it is located.
An anomaly is viewed by interpreters as a seismic event. The study of anomalies in a medium allows for better understanding of the medium, as some anomalies can be clues on the presence or absence of hydrocarbons (water and oil) in the given medium.
The detection of anomalies on a seismic section comprised of a large number of seismic traces previously assembled within given criteria as for example in common middle points (CMP), at a common receiver, etc . . . is done manually by the interpreter. Subsequently, the selection or rejection of an anomaly depends solely on the judgment of the interpreter and his ability to interpret the seismic section correctly. FIG. 1 represents a seismic section (x, t) on which anomalies, A1 and B1 for example, are platted by the interpreter. The plotted anomalies can be considered as either different, identical or of the same nature. As can be seen in FIG. 1, to the left and in the second lower half, many anomalies Al that overlap can be found, making it difficult to determine their nature. In the presence of a fault in a medium, it is often faced two anomalies which are unrelated. These two anomalies are on different levels and can be viewed as the same from one end to the other of the fault while the interpreter views each as divided and delimited by the fault without being able to clear the ambiguity.
In any case, the manual detection of an anomaly cannot take into account all anomalies especially those that are barely visible or that are hidden by other anomalies.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention presents a method to localize and identify every anomaly which exist between two predetermined levels that are either real or fictitious horizons of the medium to be explored.
This invention consists of a method which consists of: spatial locations; between an upper level and a lower level; interval; to the maximum correlation; dimensions of the seismic block and a map of the times corresponding to the maximum correlations, time map having the same dimensions and located in the axial system than map of the maxima correlation.
An advantage of this invention is that it automatically sweeps a whole seismic section by marking successive intervals, adjacent or not, to the above mentioned seismic section.
According to another characteristic of this invention, the map of times is segmented in an assembly of zones connected and homogeneous, every one of which being like a point in the above mentioned zone consists of at least one adjacent point not containing discontinuity in time superior to a given threshold (.DELTA.t).
Another advantage is to detect every anomaly by their connex components.
According to another characteristic, every homogeneous zone where at least one point represents a maximum correlation higher than a predetermined correlation threshold (S) is selected, every zone representing advantageously a surface higher than a given value.
An advantage lies in the fact that every anomaly is taken into consideration and in that the relevant anomalies of predetermined criteria can be selected. In this case, every anomaly that is of non
REFERENCES:
patent: 4747054 (1988-05-01), Chittineni et al.
patent: 4964103 (1990-10-01), Johnson
Bidegaray Andre
Keskes Naamen
Elf Exploration Production
McElheny Jr. Donald E.
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